Page 34 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI
P. 34

bdkbZ—2: ekSfyd vf/dkj




            vfèkdkj gS fd og jktdh; lsokvksa osQ fy, vko';d ;ksX;rk,¡ fuèkkZfjr dj nsA laln dkuwu }kjk la?k esa  uksV
            lfEefyr jkT;ksa dks vfèkdkj ns ldrh gS fd os ml in osQ mEehnokj osQ fy, ml jkT; dk fuoklh gksuk
            vko';d Bgjk nsaA blh izdkj lsokvksa esa fiNM+s gq, oxks± osQ fy, Hkh LFkku lqjf{kr j[ks tk ldrs gSaA

            (iv) vLi`';rk dk fu"ksèk (vuqPNsn 17) (Abolition of Untouchability)µlkekftd lekurk dks vkSj
            vfèkd iw.kZrk nsus osQ fy, vLi`';rk dk fu"ksèk fd;k x;k gSA vuqPNsn 17 esa dgk x;k gS fd ¶vLi`';rk ls
            mRiUu fdlh v;ksX;rk dks ykxw djuk ,d n.Muh; vijkèk gksxkA¸ fgUnw lekt ls vLi`';rk osQ fo"k dks lekIr
            djus osQ fy, laln osQ }kjk 1955 bZ- esa ^vLi`';rk vijkèk vfèkfu;e* (Untouchability offences Act)

            ikfjr fd;k x;k gS tks iwjs Hkkjr ij ykxw gksrk gSA bl dkuwu osQ vuqlkj vLi`';rk ,d n.Muh; vijkèk ?kksf"kr
            fd;k x;k gSA
            (v) mikfèk;ksa dk fu"ksèk (vuqPNsn 18) (Abolition of Titles)µfczfV'k 'kklu dky esa lEifÙk vkfn osQ
            vkèkkj ij mikfèk;k¡ iznku dh tkrh Fkha] tks lkekftd thou esa Hksn mRiUu djrh Fkha] vr% uohu lafo/ku esa
            budk fu"ksèk dj fn;k x;k gSA vuqPNsn 18 esa O;oLFkk dh x;h gS fd ¶lsuk vFkok fo|k lEcU/h mikfèk;ksa osQ
            vykok jkT; vU; dksbZ mikfèk;k¡ iznku ugha dj ldrkA¸ blosQ lkFk gh Hkkjro"kZ dk dksbZ ukxfjd fcuk jk"Vªifr
            dh vkKk osQ fons'kh jkT; ls Hkh dksbZ mikfèk Lohdkj ugha dj ldrkA

            2- LorU=krk dk vfèkdkj (Right to Freedom-Article 19 to 22)µHkkjrh; lafoèkku dk mís'; fopkj]
            vfHkO;fDr] fo'okl] èkeZ vkSj mikluk dh Lora=krk lqfuf'pr djuk gS] vr% lafoèkku osQ }kjk ukxfjdksa dks
            fofoèk LorU=krk,¡ iznku dh x;h gSaA bl lEcUèk esa vuqPNsn 19 lcls vfèkd egÙoiw.kZ gSA ;g vfèkdkj
            ukxfjdksa dks fuEufyf[kr 6 LorU=krk,¡ iznku djrk gSa%
                (i) èkkjk 19 osQ }kjk Hkkjrh; ukxfjdksa dks 7 LorU=krk,¡ iznku dh xbZ Fkha] ftlesa NBh LrrU=krk] lEifÙk
                   izkIr djus rFkk mls cspus dh LorU=krk FkhA ijUrq 44osa la'kksèku }kjk lEifÙk osQ vfèkdkj osQ lkFk&lkFk
                   ^lEifÙk dh LorU=krk* Hkh lekIr dj nh xbZ gS vkSj bl izdkj vc èkkjk 19 osQ vUrxZr ukxfjdksa dks
                   N% LorU=krk,¡ gh izkIr gSa] tks bl izdkj gSaµ
                   (a) Hkk"k.k nsus rFkk fopkj izdV djus dh LorU=krk  (Right to Freedom of Speech and

                       Expression)A
                   (b) 'kkfUriwoZd rFkk fcuk 'kL=kksa osQ bdV~Bk gksus dh LorU=krk (Freedom to assemble  peace-
                       fully and without arms)A

                   (c) la?k cukus dk vfèkdkj (Freedom to form Associations)A
                   (d) Hkkjr jkT; osQ {ks=k esa Hkze.k djus dk vfèkdkj (Freedom to move freely throughout
                       the territory of India)A
                   (e) Hkkjr osQ fdlh Hkkx esa jgus ;k fuokl djus dh LorU=krk (Freedom to reside and settle

                       in any part of the territory of India)A
                   (f) dksbZ Hkh O;olk; djus] is'kk viukus ;k O;kikj djus dk vfèkdkj (Freedom to practise

                       any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business)A
            èkkjk 20 ls 22 rd us ukxfjdksa dks O;fDrxr LorU=krk iznku dh xbZ gSA fczVsu esa O;fDrxr LorU=krk dk vkèkkj
            dkuwu dk 'kklu gSA ;gh fl¼kUr Hkkjr esa Hkh viuk;k x;k gSA




                                             LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY                                    29
   29   30   31   32   33   34   35   36   37   38   39