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o`f¼ vkSj fodkl osQ vFkZ'kkL=k
uksV (4) fuèkZurk rFkk vlekurk esa o`f¼ ugha gksuh pkfg, (Poverty and Inequality of Income should not
Increase)μvkfFkZd fodkl dh fLFkfr esa izfr O;fDr okLrfod vk; esa bl izdkj o`f¼ gksuh pkfg, fd fuèkZurk
js[kk ls uhps yksxksa dh la[;k esa o`f¼ ugha gksuh pkfg,A blds lkFk&lkFk vk; ds forj.k dh vlekurk esa Hkh o`f¼
ugha gksuh pkfg,A vr% okLrfod vk; esa o`f¼ ds lkFk&lkFk mldk u;k iqufoZrj.k Hkh vkfFkZd fodkl ds fy,
vko';d gSA
(5) lkekftd] lkaLÑfrd] laLFkkRed ,oa vkfFkZd ifjorZu (Social, Cultural, Institutional and Economic
Changes)μvkfFkZd fodkl esa u dsoy vkfFkZd ifjorZuksa dk lekos'k gksrk gS cfYd blesa lkekftd] lkaLÑfrd]
laLFkkid ifjorZu Hkh lfEefyr fd;s tkrs gSaA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
1- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa lR;@vlR; dh igpku djsaμ
1. fofHkUu vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa us vkfFkZd fodkl vkSj o`f¼ dks vyx&yx <ax ls iz;qDr fd;k gSA
2. vkfFkZd fodkl esa dsoy vkfFkZd ifjorZuksa dk lekos'k gksrk gSA
3. vkfFkZd fodkl dk mís'; izfr O;fDr vk; esa gksus okyh o`f¼ ls gSA
4. dsoy jk"Vªh; vk; esa gksus okyh o`f¼ gh vkfFkZd fodkl dk izrhd gSA
5. ekSfæd vk; esa gksus okyh o`f¼ vkfFkZd o`f¼ dk okLrfod lwpd gSA
1-3 o`f¼ vkSj fodkl% rqyuk ,oa vUrj (Growth and Development :
Comparisons and Difference)
,d yEcs le; rd ^vkfFkZd fodkl* 'kCn dk iz;ksx vkfFkZd lao`f¼ (Economic Growth)] vkfFkZd izxfr
(Economic Progress), vkfFkZd dY;k.k (Economic Welfare) rFkk nh?kZdkyhu ifjorZu (Secular Change)
'kCnksa esa lekukFkhZ 'kCnksa ds :i esa iz;ksx fd;k tkrk jgk gSA 'kqEihVj us viuh iqLrd 'The Theory of Economic
Development' ftldk izdk'ku lu~ 1911 esa gqvk] vkfFkZd o`f¼ rFkk vkfFkZd fodkl bu nksuksa 'kCnksa esa vUrj
Li"V fd;k gSA
vkfFkZd o`f¼ (Economic Growth) ls gekjk vfHkizk; jk"Vªh; vk; ds foLrkj ls gSA vr% vkfFkZd lao`f¼ esa dsoy
bl ckr dk è;ku fn;k tkrk gS fd D;k fdlh dkykofèk esa blds igys dh dkykofèk dh rqyuk esa ek=kk dh n`f"V
ls vfèkd mRiknu gks jgk gS ;k ughaA vU; 'kCnksa esa] vkfFkZd o`f¼ ,d ifjek.kkRed ladYiuk (Quantitative
Concept) gSA izks- pkYlZ fd.MycxZj (Charles P. Kindleberger) ds vuqlkj ^^vkfFkZd lao`f¼ dk vFkZ vfèkd
mRiknu ls gSA**
bl izdkj vkfFkZd lao`f¼ ,d ladqfpr voèkkj.kk gS ftlds vUrxZr dsoy ;g ns[kk tkrk gS fd ns'k ds dqy
mRiknu ;k izfr O;fDr mRiknu esa le; ds lkFk&lkFk fdruh o`f¼ gqbZ gS] tcfd vFkZO;oLFkk ds vkfFkZd o
lkekftd <k¡ps esa dksbZ ifjorZu ugha gqvk gksA mnkgj.k ds fy, ;fn ,d ns'k dh jk"Vªh; vk; vkSj izfr O;fDr
vk; ds Lrj esa o`f¼ gksrh gS rks bls vkfFkZd lao`f¼ dgk tk;sxkA ;g lEHko gS fd fdlh ns'k esa jk"Vªh; vk; esa
o`f¼ rks gks ysfdu vFkZO;oLFkk dk dksbZ fodkl u gksA jkWcVZ DykWoj (Robert Clover) us ykbchfj;k ds ckjs esa
tk¡p dh gS vkSj og bl fu"d"kZ ij igq¡pk fd ogk¡ fons'kh iQeks± dks fj;k;rksa dh cnkSyr fu;kZr esa Hkkjh o`f¼ gqbZ
gSA ftlds iQyLo:i ogk¡ dh jk"Vªh; vk; esa Hkh o`f¼ gqbZ gS ysfdu blls nwljs vkfFkZd {ks=kksa esa dksbZ iwjd fodkl
ugha gqvk gSA blds vykok u gh dksbZ <k¡pkxr ;k laLFkkxr ifjorZu gq, gSaA ns'k esa gksus okyh vkfFkZd lao`f¼ dk
iQk;nk lHkh oxks± dks ugha gqvk gS] bls jkWcVZ DykWoj fcuk fodkl dh o`f¼ dgrk gSA
la{ksi esa] ^^vkfFkZd o`f¼ dk vFkZ dsoy mRiknu esa o`f¼ ls gS] tcfd vkfFkZd fodkl dk vFkZ vfèkd mRiknu]
uohu rduhd ,oa laLFkkxr lqèkkjksa ds leUo; ls gSA**
4 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
