Page 34 - DSOC401_SOCIOLOGICAL_THOUGHT_hindi

lekt'kkL=kh; fopkj/kjk

uksV jlk;u'kkL=k dks vius vè;;u&dk;Z esa HkkSfrd'kkL=k] [kxksy'kkL=k rFkk xf.kr'kkL=k ij vkfJr jguk iM+rk gSA
blosQ ckn 'kjhj rFkk thou&laaca/h fo"k;ksa dk vè;;u djus okys izkf.k'kkL=k dk LFkku gS tksfd jlk;u'kkL=k]
HkkSfrd'kkL=k] [kxksy'kkL=k rFkk xf.kr'kkL=k ij vkfJr gSA bu foKkuksa ij vk/kfjr rFkk lkewfgd ;k lkekftd
rF;ksa o ?kVukvksa dk vè;;u djus okyk foKku lkekftd HkkSfrdh ;k lekt'kkL=k dk LFkku lcls mQij gSA bl
lEcU/ esa ;g mYys[kuh; gS fd ^izR;{koknh /eZ* ;k ^ekuork dk /eZ* osQ fl¼kar dks fodflr djrs le;
dkWEV us mi;qZDr Ng foKkuksa osQ vfrfjDr ,d lkrok¡ vkSj lcls mQij dk foKku vkpkj'kkL=k dk Hkh mYys[k
fd;k gSA ijUrq bl vfUre foKku dk dksbZ fo'ks"k mYys[k ;k Li"Vhdj.k mudh Ñfr;ksa esa ugha feyrk gSA bl
dkj.k dkWEV }kjk izLrqr Kku ;k foKkuksa osQ oxhZdj.k esa xf.kr'kkL=k] [kxksy'kkL=k] HkkSfrd'kkL=k] jlk;u'kkL=k]
izkf.k'kkL=k rFkk lektk'kkL=k] bu Ng foKkuksa dks gh lk/kj.kr;k lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj ;g mfpr Hkh gSA
bl oxhZdj.k dks izLrqr djus dk ,d izeq[k mís'; fofHkUu foKkuksa dh lkisf{kd iw.kZrk ;k ;FkkFkZrk dh vksj
gekjk è;ku vkdf"kZr djuk gSA dkWEV us Lo;a gh fy[kk gS fd ¶;g oxhZdj.k ;FkkFkZ :i esa fofHkUu foKkuksa dh
lkisf{kd iw.kZrk dks crykrk gS_ ,d foKku dh lkisf{kd iw.kZrk ifj'kq¼ Kku dh ek=kk rFkk mldh fofHkUu
'kk[kkvksa osQ lkFk laca/ ij fuHkZj gSA ;g ljyrk ls ns[kk tk ldrk gS fd ?kVuk,¡ ftruh gh vR;f/d lkekU;]
ljy vkSj vewZr gksrh gSa mruh gh os nwljksa ij de fuHkZj djrh gSa vkSj mudh ;FkkFkZrk ;k ifj'kq¼rk mruh gh
vf/d rFkk nwljs foKkuksa osQ lkFk mudk laca/ mruk gh Li"V gksrk gSA bl izdkj thot ?kVuk,¡ vthot ?kVukvksa
dh vis{kk de ;FkkFkZ rFkk fu;ec¼ gksrh gSa vkSj buesa ls Hkh LFkyh; ?kVuk,¡ [kxksy&laca/h ?kVukvksa dh vis{kk
de ;FkkFkZ rFkk fu;ec¼ gksrh gSaA foKkuksa dk tks laLrj.k geus izLrqr fd;k gS mlls ;gh rF; iw.kZr;k Li"V
gksrk gSA¸
dkWEV dk er gS fd ge fdlh Hkh foKku osQ fo"k; esa mfpr Kku rc rd izkIr ugha dj ldrs tc rd mlosQ
igys okys foKku ;k foKkuksa] ftl ;k ftu ij fd og fuHkZj gS] osQ fo"k; esa ge tkudkjh izkIr u dj ysaA
mnkgj.kkFkZ] ge lekt'kkL=k dh lgk;rk ls ekuo&lekt ;k lkekftd ?kVukvksa osQ ckjs esa leqfpr Kku rc gh
izkIr dj ldrs gSa tc gesa blosQ igys okys foKkuksaµizkf.k'kkL=k] jlk;u'kkL=k] HkkSfrd'kkL=k] [kxksy'kkL=k vkSj
xf.kr'kkL=kµosQ laca/ esa oqQN lkekU; Kku gksA ;g ,d eksVh&lh ckr gS fd izkf.k'kkL=k dh lgk;rk ls tc rd
ge tho rFkk thou vkSj muls lacaf/r fu;eksa osQ ckjs esa tkudkjh izkIr u dj ysaxs rc rd ekuo osQ lkekftd
thou dh ?kVukvksa dks le>uk gekjs fy, oSQls lEHko gksxk\ blhfy,] dkWEV osQ fopkjkuqlkj] izR;ssd foKku dk
vè;;u mlh Øe ls djuk pkfg, tSlkfd mi;qZDr oxhZdj.k esa izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA bl laLrj.k esa lcls mQij
lekt'kkL=k gS tksfd vU; foKkuksa dh rqyuk esa lcls uohu] lcls vf/d ijkfJr] fof'k"V rFkk tfVy foKku
gSA vc ge blh foKku ^lekt'kkL=k* osQ fo"k; eas lfoLrkj foospuk djsaxsA

5-1 lekt'kkL=k&dkWEV dk ,d u;k foKku
(Sociology–A New Science of Comte)

dkWEV vius le; dh izpfyr rkfRod rFkk /kfeZd izfof/;ksa }kjk lkekftd ?kVukvksa dh vè;;u&iz.kkyh ls
larq"V ugha FksA vki rks oSKkfud i¼fr dks loksZPp iz/kurk iznku djrs FksA blfy, vki lkekftd vè;;u&dk;Z
dks Hkh fujh{k.k] ijh{k.k rFkk oxhZdj.k dh O;ofLFkr ;k oSKkfud dk;Z&iz.kkyh osQ vUrxZr ykus osQ i{k esa FksA
bl mís'; dh iwfrZ osQ fy, dkWEV ,d ,sls u, foKku dk l`tu djuk pkgrs Fks tksfd ml le; izpfyr /kfeZd
rFkk rkfRod fopkjksa ls iw.kZr;k foeqDr gks vkSj tksfd lkekftd ?kVukvksa dk vè;;u oSKkfud <ax ls djsA
vkidk fo'okl Fkk fd lkekftd ?kVukvksa dk vè;;u ,d fo'ks"k vè;;u&{ks=k gS tksfd O;fDr osQ lkewfgd
thou dh vfHkO;fDr gksrh gSA ftl izdkj izkf.k'kkL=k osQ varxZr leLr O;fDrxr thou vkSj mlls lacaf/r
fu;eksa dk vè;;u lfEefyr gS] mlh izdkj lkewfgd thou vkSj mlls lEcfU/r vk/kjHkwr fu;eksa osQ vè;;u
osQ fy, Hkh i`Fko~Q foKku dh vko';drk gSA

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