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Avinash Bhagat, Lovely Professional University                Unit 1: Introduction to Hardware and Software





                 Unit 1: Introduction to Hardware and Software                                  Notes


             CONTENTS
             Objectives
             Introduction
             1.1  Computer Hardware
                 1.1.1   Central Processing Unit
                 1.1.2   Input Devices
                 1.1.3   Output Devices
                 1.1.4   Storage Devices
             1.2  Network System
                 1.2.1   Types of Networks

             1.3  Computer Software
                 1.3.1   System Software
                 1.3.2   Application Software
             1.4  Summary
             1.5  Keywords
             1.6  Review Questions
             1.7  Further Readings

          Objectives

          After studying this unit, you will be able to:

              Explain the concept of Computer Hardware
              Discuss the Input and Output Devices
              Describe network system
              Explain the concept of Computer Software

          Introduction


          A computer is a combination of two terms Hardware and Software. The physical components of
          a computer are called hardware. Pieces of hardware may be categorized according to the functions
          each performs: input, process, output, and storage. Your PC (Personal Computer) is a system,
          consisting of many components. Some of those components, like Windows XP, and all your
          other programs, are software. Software is the source of interaction between the user and the
          computer. It represents programs, collection of several sets of instructions, which allow the
          hardware to run properly. The stuff you can actually see and touch, and would likely break if
          you threw it out a fifth-story window, is hardware.

          1.1 Computer Hardware

          Hardware of a computer is made up of complex electronic circuits. For a user the details of the
          circuitry are not important. However, the hardware units with which a user has to interact must



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