Page 7 - DLIS405_INFORMATION_STORAGE_AND_RETRIEVAL

Information Storage and Retrieval

Notes in and outside of libraries as well as cross-culturally, how people are trained and educated for
careers in libraries, the ethics that guide library service and organization, the legal status of libraries
and information resources, and the applied science of computer technology used in documentation
and records management.
The term library and information science (LIS) is most often used; most librarians consider it as
only a terminological variation, intended to emphasize the scientific and technical foundations of
the subject and its relationship with information science. LIS should not be confused with information
theory, the mathematical study of the concept of information.
LIS can also be seen as an integration of the two fields’ library science and information science,
which were separate at one point. Library philosophy has been contrasted with library science as
the study of the aims and justifications of librarianship as opposed to the development and refinement
of techniques.

1.1 Development of Library Science

The history of the library, it may be argued, began with the first effort to organize a collection of
information and provide access to that information.
At Ugarit in Syria excavations have revealed a palace library, temple library, and two private libraries
which date back to around 1200 BC, containing diplomatic texts as well as poetry and other literary
forms. In the 7th century, King Ashurbanipal of Assyria assembled what is considered the first
systematically collected library at Nineveh; previous collections functioned more as passive archives.
The legendary Library of Alexandria is perhaps the best known example of an early library,
flourishing in the 3rd century BC and possibly inspired by Demetrius Phalereus.

Write a note on development of Library Science.

1.1.1 Ancient Information Retrieval

One of the curators of the imperial library in the Han Dynasty is believed to have been the first to
establish a library classification system and the first book notation system. At this time the library
catalog was written on scrolls of fine silk and stored in silk bags.

19th Century
Thomas Jefferson, whose library at Monticello consisted of thousands of books, devised a
classification system inspired by the Baconian method, which grouped books more or less by subject
rather than alphabetically, as it was previously done. Jefferson’s collection became the nucleus of
the first national collection of the United States when it was transferred to Congress after a fire
destroyed the Congressional Library during the War of 1812. The Jefferson collection was the start
of what we now know as the Library of Congress.

The first textbook on library science was published in 1808 by Martin Schrettinger,
followed by books of Johann George Seizinger and others.

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