Page 20 - DCAP104_EXPOSURE_TO_COMPUTER_DISCPLINES

Unit 1: Data Information

speaks from experience. He is South Asia’s first “techie” national leader, with an impressive Notes
scientific background. As Chairman, Technology Information, Forecasting and Assessment
Council (TIFAC), President Kalam generated the Technology Vision 2020 documents—a road
map for transforming India from Developing India to Developed India. He provided overall
guidance to a number of Homegrown Technology Projects and major technology missions.
He served as the Principal Scientific Advisor to the Government of India, in the rank of
Cabinet Minister, from November 1999 to November 2001. He was primarily responsible for
evolving policies, strategies and missions for generation of innovations and support systems
for multiple applications.
Questions:
1. How technology for disabled can enhance them?
2. Why is computer education necessary for developing India?

1.3 Summary

• The five basic operations that a computer performs. These are input, storage, processing,
output and control.

• A computer accepts data as input, stores it, processes it as the user requires and provides
the output in a desired format.
• Computer system into three Functional units, i.e. Arithmatic logic unit (ALU), Control unit
(CU), Central processing unit.

• The Binary Numeral system represent numeric values using two digit 081.
• Flooding point number representation consists of two parts. The first part of the number
is formed as mantissa and second part specifies as an exponent.

1.4 Keywords

Arithmetic Logical Unit (ALU): The actual processing of the data and instruction are performed
by Arithmetic Logical Unit. The major operations performed by the ALU are addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division , logic and comparison.
ASCII: (American National Standard Code for Information Interchange). This code uses 7 bits to
represent 128 characters. Now an extended ASCII is used having 8-bit character representation
code on Microcomputers.

Data Transformation: This is the process of producing results from the data for getting useful
information. Similarly the output produced by the computer after processing must also be kept
somewhere inside the computer before being given to you in human readable form.
Decimal Fixed Point Representation: A decimal digit is represented as a combination of four
bits; thus, a four digit decimal number will require 16 bits for decimal digits representation and
additional 1 bit for sign.
Fixed Point Representation: The fixed-point numbers bit 1 binary uses a sign bit. A positive
number have a sign bit 0, while the negative number has a sign bit 1 . In the fixed-point numbers
we assume that the position of the binary point is at the end.

Floating Point Representation: Floating-point number representation consists of two parts.
The first part of the number is a signed fixed point number. which is termed as mantissa. and the
second part specifies the decimal or binary point position and is termed as an Exponent.

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