Page 300 - DPOL101_POLITICAL_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ—14: lkoZtfud fgr ,oa yksdra=k

4- ljdkj osQ mÙkjnkf;Ro dk vFkZ gS fof'k"V oxks± dh mu ykxksa osQ izfr tokcnsgh tks budh uhfr;ksa osQ mís'; uksV
gksrs gSaA vU;Fkk tulk/kj.k dh ljdkj osQ dk;ks± osQ fgLlsnkjh U;wure gksrh gSA turk bu fof'k"V oxks± osQ
iz'kklu] uhfr;ksa vkSj opuksa dks pqipki >syrh gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] turk dks ml O;oLFkk dh tkap djuh gksrh
gS ftldh lgefr mUgksaus nh ugha gksrhA rFkkfi ;fn foQlh Hkh iztkrkfU=kd ljdkj dh izHkko'kkyh dk;Ziz.kkyh
osQ fy;s lkekftd ,drk vkSj lkeqnkf;d Hkkouk dh vko';drk gS rks osQoy ikap lky esa ,d ckj pquko esa
fgLlk ysdj ugha vk ldrhA blds fy;s Hkkxhnkjh osQ vU; rjhosQ [kkstus dh vko';drk gSA
5- fof'k"V oxhZ; fl¼kUr dk ,d egÙoiw.kZ rRo ,slk fuf"ozQ; O;fDr gS tks pqipki jktuhfr osQ ukVd dks
ns[krk jgrk gS] 'kkldksa osQ O+kQkuwu dk ikyu djrk gS_ vkSj ftls vius futh thou] ukSdjh] x`gLFk lq[k vkfn
ls iqQlZjr gh ugha gSA osQoy tc ljdkj osQ oqQN djus ;k u djus ls tulk/kj.k osQ nSfud thou dks oqQN [krjk
eglwl gksrk gS rHkh os ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa dks viuh ethZ osQ vuqlkj eksM+us osQ fy;s lfozQ; gksrs gSaA
6- fof'k"V oxhZ; fl¼kUr dh izkFkfedrk iztkrkfU=kd ljdkj osQ LFkkf;Ro dh lqj{kk] iztkrkfU=kd iz.kkyh dk
laj{k.k vkSj ,d ,sls rU=k dk fodkl djus ls jgh gS tks lkoZtfud uhfr;ksa osQ dk;kZUo;u osQ fy;s dk;ZoqQ'ky
iz'kklu dh jpuk dj ldsA vr% foQlh Hkh izdkj osQ lkekftd vkUnksyu yksdrU=k osQ fy;s [krjk vFkok
jktuhfrd mxzokn ekus x;sA blds foijhr dbZ ys[kd bu vkUnksyuksa dks iztkrkfU=kd dk;Ziz.kkyh rFkk
dkuwu&O;oLFkk dh LFkkiuk osQ fy;s [krjk ekurk gSA
7- fof'k"V oxhZ; /kj.kk us ijEijkxr mnkjoknh fl¼kUr dh iztkrkfU=kd ekuorkokn (Democratic Human-

ism) dh /kj.kk dks ^iztkrkfU=kd i¼fr* (Democratic Mechanism) esa cny dj bls blds izzzxfroknh
vkSj vkn'kZoknh rRoksa ls foeq[k dj fn;k ftlds dkj.k ;g Hkfo"; osQ fy;s fn'kk funsZ'k osQ fl¼kUr osQ :i esa
v/wjk iM+ x;kA ledkyhu yksdrU=k osQ laLFkkxr n`f"Vdks.k (institutional approach) esa ijEijkxr&mnkjoknh
fl¼kUr osQ mxzoknh rRo osQ rh[ksiu dh deh gSA fof'k"V oxhZ; fl¼kUr jktuhfrd okLrfodrk dh lhekvksa ls
vR;f/d ca/k gqvk gSA ;g orZeku lekt esa oLrqvksa vkSj inksa osQ forj.k dks ;FkkfLFkfr osQ Lrj ij Lohdkj
gh ugha djrk cfYd bUgsa orZeku jktuhfrd LorU=krkvksa osQ lkFk lqlaxr vkSj mldh ,d vko';d 'krZ ekurk
gSA vFkkZr~ ;g orZeku O;oLFkk dks ;FkkfLFkfr osQ vk/kj ij Lohdkj djrk gSA tks yksx yksdrU=k dks ,d vkn'kZ
vkSj Hkfo"; osQ fy;s ,d fn'kk&funsZ'k osQ :i esa ns[kuk pkgrs gSa muds fy;s ;g fl¼kUr csdkj gSA

VkLd fof'k"V oxhZ; yksdrU=k ij vius er izLrqr dhft,A

Lo&ewY;akdu (Self Assessment)

cgq&fodYih; iz'u (Multiple Choice Questions)µ

4- yksdrU=k dk fof'k"V oxhZ; fl¼kar vkt osQ vkS|ksfxd lektksa esa fdl /kj.kk dk okLrfod ijh{k.k
djrk gS\
(v) turk }kjk 'kklu (c) turk }kjk gM+rky

(l) turk }kjk vu'ku (n) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
5- fuEu esa ls fdl nk'kZfud us ^'kfDr;ksa osQ i`FkDdj.k* dk fl¼kUr fn;k Fkk\

(v) vjLrq (c) ekUVsLD;w
(l) lqdjkr (n) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

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