Page 197 - DSOC102_SOCIAL_INSTITUTIONS_HINDI

lkekftd laLFkk,¡

uksV Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

lgh fodYi pqudj jf[k,µ
5- ^vfèkd Lrjhdj.k eryc vfèkd vkèkqfudrk vkSj vfèkd vkèkqfudrk ;kuh vfèkd èkeZfujis{k*A ;g
dFku gSµ
(d) dkyZ ekDlZ dk ([k) nq[khZe dk (x) eSDl oscj dk

6- eè;;qx esa ppZ dh cgqr izHkko'kkyh Hkwfedk Fkhµ
(d) vesfjdk esa ([k) Hkkjr esa (x) baXySaM esa
7- Hkkjr dh 'kklu O;oLFkk gSµ

(d) èkeZfujis{k ([k) èkeZlkis{k (x) jktra=k
èkeZfujis{krk osQ y{k.k (Characteristics of Secularism)

Mh-bZ- fLeFk us bf.M;k ,t , lsD;wyj LVsV (India as a Secular State, 1963, Princeton) esa
èkeZfujis{krk dh O;k[;k Hkkjrh; bfrgkl rFkk lkekftd&vkfFkZd i`"BHkwfe esa dh gSA os dgrs gSa fd ;|fi
lafoèkku us dgha Hkh èkeZfujis{krk dks ifjHkkf"kr ugha fd;k gS fiQj Hkh tks mldk vFkZ lafoèkku dh èkkjkvksa
ls fudyrk gS] blosQ vuqlkj blosQ rhu rRo gSaµ(1) èkeZ dh Lora=krk] (2) ukxfjdrk] vkSj (3) jkT; dh
èkeZ ls i`FkdrkA
vc ge èkeZfujis{krk osQ bu rRoksa dk fo'ys"k.k djsaxsµ

1- èkeZ dh Lora=krk (Freedom of Religion)

bl rRo osQ vuqlkj lafoèkku us èkeZ vkSj O;fDr osQ lacaèkksa dks fu;fer fd;k gSA bu lacaèkksa esa jkT; dh dksbZ
Hkwfedk ugha gSA lafoèkku osQ vuqlkj èkeZ osQ varxZr laxfBr èkkfeZd laiznk; rFkk èkkfeZd fo'okl vkSj èkkfeZd
O;ogkj lfEefyr gSaA èkeZ dh vk”kknh dk eryc gS fd ,d O;fDr vius èkeZ dk ikyu djus osQ fy,
Lora=k gSA og nwljksa osQ lkFk vius èkeZ dh fo'ks"krk ij ppkZ djus dks Lora=k gS vkSj blesa jkT; dk
dksbZ gLr{ksi ugha gksrkA O;fDr pkgs rks lHkh èkeks± dks vLohdkj dj ldrk gS vkSj pkgs rks fdlh ,d èkeZ
dk vuq;k;h gks ldrk gSA vius èkeZ osQ mins'kksa dk vuqlj.k dj ldrk gS] og iwtk&vpZuk dj ldrk gS]
vius èkeZ dk izpkj dj ldrk gS vkSj vius èkkfeZd laiznk; esa dksbZ in ys ldrk gSA fdlh voLFkk esa
igq¡pdj ;fn og vius èkeZ dks NksM+dj nwljk èkeZ viuk ysrk gS] rks ;g mldh Lora=krk gSA jkT; dk blls
dksbZ ysuk&nsuk ughaA

ysfdu ,d voLFkk esa igq¡pdj jkT; èkeZ esa gLr{ksi Hkh dj ldrk gSA vke yksxksa osQ lkoZtfud LokLF;]
mldh lqj{kk vkSj lkoZtfud uSfrdrk osQ dkj.k jkT; fdlh Hkh èkeZ esa n[ky dj ldrk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,]
;fn fdlh nsoh&nsork dks i'kq&cfy nh tkrh gS rks jkT; gLr{ksi dj ldrk gSA pkgs veqd èkkfeZd laiznk;
bl cfy dks èkkfeZd :i ls vko';d le>rk gksA ysfdu jkT; osQ èkeZ esa gLr{ksi djus osQ {ks=k cgqr FkksM+s
gSa vkSj lhfer gSaA

2- ukxfjdrk (Citizenship)

ukxfjdrk O;fDr vkSj jkT;ksa osQ lacaèkksa dks fuèkkZfjr djrh gSA jkT; dh n`f"V esa dksbZ Hkh O;fDr u fganw gS vkSj
u eqlyeku gSA mlosQ fy, rks ;g osQoy ukxfjd ek=k gSA tc jkT; ukxfjdrk osQ lacaèkksa dks fuèkkZfjr djrk
gS rks blesa èkeZ dh dksbZ Hkwfedk ugha gksrhA jkT; osQ tks Hkh dÙkZO; gSa ;k vfèkdkj gSa] mu ij O;fDr osQ èkeZ
vkSj fo'oklksa dk dksbZ vlj ugha iM+rkA

192 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY