Page 196 - DENG201_ENGLISH_II

English - II Digvijay Pandya, Lovely Professional University

Notes Unit 13: Vocabulary and Usage: One-Word Substitution

CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction
13.1 One-Word Substitution
13.2 Review Questions
13.3 Further Readings

Objectives

After reading this unit students will be able to:
• Learn one-word substitution
Introduction

Brevity is the soul of wit, says William Shakespeare. Precision in expression helps to express ideas
and sentiments more effectively.
In English, there are certain words which may be used for a group of words. A mastery in the art of
substitution will enable the students to learn the art of precis-writing and of sentence completion.

13.1 One-Word Substitution
Given below are a number of phrases and a single-word substitute for each of them.
1. One who knows many languages. — Linguist
2. Being unable to pay one’ debts. — Insolvent
3. Having an evil reputation. — Notorious
4. One who leaves his country to settle elsewhere. — Emigrant
5. A person who lives at the same time as another. — Contemporary
6. A person who can neither read nor write. — Illiterate
7. A person who spends his money recklessly. — Spendthrift
8. A person who lives by himself. — Recluse
9. A woman whose husband is dead. — Widow
10. A man whose wife is dead. — Widower
11. A child whose parents are dead. — Orphan
12. A minister representing a sovereign or state in a foreign country. — Ambassador
13. A person sent on a mission (usually official). — Emissary
14. A person who is indifferent to pleasure or pain. — Stoic
15. One who defends or is zealous for his country’s freedom or rights.— Patriot
16. One who makes an eloquent public speech. — Orator
17. One who undergoes penalty of death for sticking to his faith. — Martyr
18. One who abandons his religious faith. — Apostate
19. One who is given to questioning the truth of facts and the soundness of inferences.
— Sceptic
20. Belonging to all parts of the world; a person familiar with many different countries.
— Cosmopolitan

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