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Gowher Ahmad Naik, LPU Unit 2: Functional English Grammar : Transformation and Synthesis of Sentences

Unit 2: Functional English Grammar: Notes
Transformation and Synthesis of Sentences

CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction
2.1 Transformation of Sentences
2.2 Synthesis of Sentences
2.3 Summary
2.4 Key-Words
2.5 Review Questions
2.6 Further Readings

Objectives

After reading this unit, students will be able to:
• Understand interchanging of sentences.
• Know how to combine two or more simple sentences into one simple
• Combine simple sentences into a compound sentence.
• Make combination of simple sentences into complex ones.

Introduction

Transforming a sentence means to change it from one grammatical form to another making the least
possible change in meaning or sense. It helps in expressing the same idea in different ways.

2.1 Transformation of Sentences

2.1.1 Interchange of Sentences Containing the Adverb ‘Too’
Removing Too
1. He is too honest to accept bribe.
He is so honest that he cannot accept bribe.
2. You are too young to travel alone.
You are so young that you cannot travel alone.
3. My heart was too full for words.
My heart was so full that I could not utter any word.
4. The Taj is too beautiful a building not to attract the attention of passers-by.
The Taj is so beautiful a building that it attracts the attention of passers-by.
5. Your tongue is a little too loose.
Your tongue is loose beyond endurance.
Now mark the following points:
1. The Adverb, ‘too’ followed by an ‘Infinitive’ or the Preposition ‘for’ gives a negative meaning.
2. When the sentence containing ‘too’ and followed by an Infinitive, is covered, it expands into
two clauses, the first containing ‘so’ and the second beginning with ‘that’.
3. The subordinate clause becomes negative.
4. If there is a negative word in the original sentence, the subordinate clause becomes positive.

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