Page 138 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_HINDI

Hkkjrh; Lora=krk laxzke (1707&1947 bZ-)

uksV ysfdu 1918 esa vusd dkj.kksa ls gkse :y vkanksyu detksj iM+ x;k] 1917 esa Hkkjh liQyrk feyus osQ ckotwn
;g vkanksyu e`rizk; gks x;kA ,uh cslsaV dh fxjÝrkjh ls mÙksftr gksdj tks ujeiaFkh bl vkanksyu esa 'kkfey gq,
Fks] mudh fjgkbZ osQ ckn fuf"Ø; gks x,A ljdkj us lq/kjksa dk vk'oklu fn;k FkkA bu usrkvksa dks yxk fd vc
vkanksyu dh t:jr ugha gSA blosQ vykok dkuwu fu"ks/ vkanksyu pykus dh ppkZ ls Hkh os ukjkt FksA blhfy,
bUgksaus flracj 1918 osQ ckn ls dkaxzsl dh cSBdksa esa Hkkx ysuk NksM+ fn;kA 1918 esa lq/kj&;kstukvksa dh ?kks"k.kk
ls jk"Vªoknh [kses esa ,d vkSj njkj iM+ xbZA oqQN yksx bls T;ksa&dk&R;ksa Lohdkj djus osQ i{k esa Fks rks oqQN yksx
bls iwjh rjg ukeatwj djuk pkgrs FksA oqQN yksxksa dk ekuuk Fkk fd blesa dbZ dfe;k¡ rks gSa ij bls vktekuk
pkfg,A bu lq/kjksa vkSj 'kkafriw.kZ vlg;ksx vkanksyu osQ eqíksa ij [kqn ,uh cslsaV nqfo/k esa FkhaA dHkh rks og bls
xyr dgrha vkSj dHkh vius leFkZdksa osQ ncko osQ dkj.k Bhd dgrhaA 'kq: esa fryd osQ lkFk ,uh cslsaV us
Hkh dgk fd bu lq/kj&;kstukvksa dks Hkkjrh; turk eatwj u djs] ;g mldk vieku gS] ij ckn esa mUgksaus bls
eku ysus dh vihy dhA fryd dkiQh le; rd vius fu.kZ; ij vfMx jgs] ysfdu ,uh cslsaV dh <qyeqy
uhfr;ksa vkSj ujeiafFk;ksa osQ #[k esa cnyko osQ dkj.k og vosQys vius cwrs ij bu lq/kjksa dk fojks/ djrs gq,
vkanksyu dh xkM+h dks vkxs [khapus esa vleFkZ gks x, vkSj lky osQ var esa baXySaM pys x,A ogk¡ mUgksaus ^bafM;u
vujsLV* osQ ys[kd fpjky ij ekugkfu dk eqdíek nk;j dj j[kk FkkA blh eqdíes dh iSjoh osQ pDdj esa og
dbZ eghus rd baXySaM esa iM+s jgsA ,uh cslsaV ,d l'kDr usr`Ro nsus esa vleFkZ Fkha vkSj fryd fons'k esa FksA
urhtru ^gkse :y vkanksyu* usr`Rofoghu gks x;kA

gkse :y vkanksyu dh lcls cM+h miyfC/ ;g jgh fd blus Hkkoh jk"Vªh; vkanksyu osQ fy, tq>k: ;ks¼k rS;kj fd,A
egkRek xk¡/h osQ usr`Ro esa ;gh tq>k: vkanksyudkjh vktknh dh e'kky ysdj vkxs c<+sA gkse :y vkanksyu us mÙkj
izns'k] xqtjkr] fla/] enzkl] eè; izkar rFkk csjkj tSls vusd u, {ks=kksa dks jk"Vªh; vkanksyu esa 'kkfey fd;kA

1919 esa izFke fo'o;q¼ dh lekfIr osQ lkFk fgUnqLrku esa vktknh dh yM+kbZ yM+us osQ fy, ,d u;h ih<+h rS;kj
gks xbZ FkhA bUgsa gkse :y vkanksyudkfj;ksa us gh rS;kj fd;k Fkk ij os budh jguqekbZ u dj losQA bl ih<+h dks
ryk'k Fkh fdlh jguqek dhA eksgunkl djepan xk¡/h us tc vktknh dh yM+kbZ dh ckxMksj l¡Hkkyh rks bu
ukStokuksa dks ,d ,slk usrk feyk] tks nf{k.k vizQhdk esa Hkkjrh;ksa osQ la?k"kZ dk usr`Ro dj pqdk Fkk vkSj paikj.k
(fcgkj)] vgenkckn vkSj [ksM+k esa fdlkuksa vkSj etnwjksa osQ fgrksa osQ fy, la?k"kZ dj pqdk FkkA 1919 esa tc
xk¡/hth us ^jkSyV ,sDV* osQ f[kykiQ lR;kxzg dh vihy dh] rks os lHkh yksx blesa 'kkfey gks x,] ftUgsa gkse
:y vkanksyu us jktuhfrd :i ls tkx:d cuk;k FkkA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

2- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)μ

1- cky xaxk/j fryd --------- dh yach ltk osQ ckn 16 twu] 1914 dks ekaMys tsy ls ykSVs FksA
2- 1915 esa ,uh cslsaV us nks v[kckjksa ¶U;w bafM;k (New India) vkSj --------- osQ ekè;e ls vkanksyu
dks vkxs c<+k;k
3- fryd us vizSy 1916 esa ------- esa gq, izkarh; lEesyu esa gkse :y yhx osQ xBu dh ?kks"k.kk dhA
4- 23 tqykbZ 1916 dks fryd dk --------- tUefnu FkkA
5- ,uh cslsaV dh yhx us --------- ls dke djuk 'kq: dj fn;kA
9-3 ujeiaFkh ,oa xjeiaFkh (Moderats and Extremists)

mnkjoknh jktuhfr vFkok jktuhfrd fHk{kko`fÙk dk ;qx (Period of Moderate Politics or Tea Party Politics
of Political Mendicancy)μbl ;qx esa nknk HkkbZ ukSjksth] iQhjkst'kkg esgrk] nfu'kk okpk] okses'k vkSj lqjsUnzukFk
cSuthZ tSls usrk dkaxzsl dh jktuhfr ij Nk, gq, Fks vkSj os yksx ^mnkjoknh rFkk ifjfer jktuhfr* (moderate

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