Page 134 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_HINDI

ik'pkR; jktuhfr fopkj

uksV leqnk; dh HkykbZ (Good of the Community) djuk gSA oLrqr% jkT; :ih ;U=k dk fuekZ.k mlosQ
ukxfjdksa dh HkykbZ osQ fy, gqvk gSA vkn'kZoknh fopkjdksa dh Hkkafr ykWd jkT; dks fdlh izdkj dh
jgL;kRed Js"Brk iznku ugha djrk] og rks O;fDr osQ thou] LorU=krk vkSj lEifÙk dh j{kk dk ,d lkèku
ek=k gSA
3- lhfer vkSj e;kZfnr jkT; (State is Limited)—ykWd dk jkT; lhfer vkSj e;kZfnr gS u fd fujaoqQ'kA
ykWd dk jkT; fujaoqQ'k ugha gks ldrk D;ksafd ml ij cgqr lh lhek,¡ gSaA igyh lhek rks ;g gS fd jkT;
viuh lÙkk turk ls xzg.k djrk gS vkSj nwljh ;g fd jkT; dks ;g lÙkk ;k vfèkdkj U;kl (Trust) osQ
:i esa oqQN fo'ks"k mís';ksa dh iwfrZ osQ fy, fn;k tkrk gSA mlosQ erkuqlkj] ¶euq";ksa }kjk jkT; osQ fuekZ.k
dk mís'; lEifÙk dk laj{k.k gSA¸ vr% jkT; dHkh Hkh ukxfjdksa dh lEifÙk dk vigj.k ugha dj ldrk
,oa dHkh Hkh ,slk dksbZ dk;Z ugha dj ldrk tks bl ewy mís'; osQ izfrowQy gksA jkT; rks bl mís';:ih
U;kl dk laj{kd (Trustee) gSA ^VªLV* vkSj ^VªLVh* (Trust) esa ;g Hkko fufgr gS fd ljdkj dh 'kfDr;k¡
lhfer gSa vkSj ;fn ljdkj VªLV dh lhekvksa dk mYya?ku djrh gS rks lekt dks vfèkdkj gS fd og ljdkj
dks Hkax dj nsA mnkgj.kkFkZ] ;fn fdlh O;fDr dks èkeZ'kkyk ;k efUnj cuokus osQ fy, #i;k fn;k tkrk
gS rks og bldk O;; euekus <ax ls fdlh rhljs dk;Z esa ugha dj ldrkA blh izdkj jkT; viuh lewph
'kfDr vkSj vfèkdkjksa dk iz;ksx osQoy ukxfjdksa osQ vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk vkSj fgr osQ fy, dj ldrk gSA
ftl izdkj èku dk nq#i;ksx djus ij VªLVh dks vius in ls gVk fn;k tkrk gS] mlh rjg jktlÙkk Hkh
;fn vius vfèkdkjksa vkSj drZO;ksa dk ikyu u djs rks mls inP;qr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

4- oSèkkfud jkT; (The State is Legal and Constitutional)—ykWd oSèkkfud jkT; dh voèkkj.kk dk
izfriknu djrk gS ftlosQ vUrxZr ^fofèk dk 'kklu* dks viuk;k x;k gS] euekus 'kklu dks ughaA ykWd
dh ekU;rk gS fd tgka euq"; vfuf'pr] vKkr ,oa LosPNkpkjh bPNk osQ vèkhu jgrs gSa] ogka mUgsa
jktuhfrd LorU=krk izkIr ugha gks ldrhA vr,o 'kklu dk lapkyu mn~?kksf"kr] Kkr ,oa LFkk;h dkuwuksa
}kjk gksuk pkfg,] u fd fcuk iwoZ ;kstukvksa dh rR{k.kÑr vkKfIr;ksa (Extemporary decrees) }kjkA

ykWd jkT; esa fofèk dks lokZfèkd egRoiw.kZ ekurk gS vkSj 'kkld ,oa 'kkflr nksuksa dks leku :i ls mfpr
fof/;ksa osQ ikyu dk funsZ'k nsrk gSA ykWd osQ 'kCnksa esa ^tgka dkuwu dk vUr gksrk gS ogka vR;kpkj izkjEHk
gks tkrk gS (Where the law ends tyranny begins)A* ;|fi ykWd 'kklu }kjk Lofoosdh vkSj
ladVdkyhu 'kfDr;ksa osQ iz;ksx dks Lohdkj djrk gS] ysfdu mldk dFku gS fd ;s 'kfDr;k¡ fofèk osQ 'kklu
dh iwjd gSa] fodYi ughaA vr% 'kkld osQ }kjk bu 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx viokn :i esa vkSj fo'ks"k
ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ vUrxZr gh fd;k tkuk pkfg,A la{ksi esa] oSèkkfud jkT; dk fopkj ykWd dh cgqr cM+h
nsu gSA

5- lfg".kq jkT; (Tolerant State)—ykWd osQ jkT; dh vU; fo'ks"krk lfg".kqrk gSA mldk jkT; ,d èkeZ
lfg".kq jkT; gS tks èkkfeZd ekeyksa esa gLr{ksi ugha djrkA og fofHkUu erksa dk vknj djrk gSA mlosQ
vuqlkj /kfeZd fo'okl O;fDr dh vUrjkRek dk fo"k; gS vkSj ukxfjd lÙkk dk lEcUèk fliZQ ckgjh ckrksa
ls gS] vUrjkRek ls ughaA

ykWd dh ekU;rk gS fd jkT; esa fofHkUu èkekZoyfEc;ksa osQ jgus ls mldh ,drk u"V ugha gksrhA jkT; dh
,drk rks rc [krjs esa iM+ tkrh gS tc jkT; }kjk cyiwoZd tuleqnk; ij èkkfeZd ,d:irk yknus dk
iz;kl fd;k tkrk gSA iszQtj osQ 'kCnksa esa ¶èkkfeZd LorU=krk fo"k;d ykWd nk'kZfud laj{k.k lkekftd jkT;
O;oLFkk dks mlosQ ;ksxnkuksa esa lcls vfèkd O;kid gSA¸

;gka ;g Lej.kh; gS fd ;|fi ykWd èkkfeZd lfg".kqrk dk izcy leFkZd gS rFkkfi mlosQ vuqlkj nks viokn
gSaA izFke] jkT; dks fdlh ,sls èkkfeZd lEiznk; osQ fo#¼ cy iz;ksx dk vfèkdkj gS ftldh xfrfofèk;k¡
vO;oLFkk iSnk djrh gSaA f}rh;] jkT; oSQFkksfyd] eqlyekuksa rFkk ukfLrdksa osQ izfr lfg".kq ugha jgsxkA

128 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY