Page 208 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

lkekftd lajpuk ,oa lkekftd ifjorZu

uksV 7- lkekftd ifjorZu Ük`a[kyk&izfrfØ;k&vuqØe dks n'kkZrk gS (Social change shows chain-reaction se-
quence)—lekt dk thou&izfreku var%lacaf/r vaxksa dh xfr'khy O;oLFkk gSA vr,o buesa ls fdlh ,d
vax esa ifjorZu nwljs vaxksa ij izfrfØ;k djrs gSaA bl Ük`a[kyk&izfrfØ;k ds ifj.kke&Lo:i vusd yksxksa ds thou
dh laiw.kZ fof/ esa ifjorZu gks tkrk gSA mnkgj.kr;k] vkS|ksxhdj.k us mRiknudh dqVhj iz.kkyh dks u"V dj fn;k
gSA mRiknu dh dqVhj iz.kkyh ds fouk'k us fL=k;ksa dks ?kj ls ckgj ykdj mudks deZ'kkyk ,oa dk;kZy; esa jkstxkj
fnyok gn;k gSA fL=k;ksa }kjk ukSdfj;k¡ dj ysus ls mUgsa euq"; dh nklrk ls eqfDr fey xbZ gSA blus mudh
vfHko`fÙk;ksa ,oa fopkjksa dks Hkh izHkkfor fd;k gSA bldk vFkZ Fkk fL=k;ksa ds fy, u;k lkekftd thouA
ifj.kkeLo:i] bldk izHkko ikfjokfjd thou ds izR;sd vax ij iM+k gSA
8- lkekftd ifjorZu vusd rRoksa dh varfØ;k dk ifj.kke gksrk gS (Social change result from theinteraction
of a numbr of factors)—lk/kj.kr;k] ;g fopkj fd;k tkrk gS fd dksbZ fo'ks"k rRo] ;Fkk izkS|ksfxdh esa
ifjorZu] vkfFkZd fodkl vFkok tyok;q&lEcU/h n'kk,¡ lkekftd ifjorZu mRiUu djrh gSaA bls ,dyoknh
fl¼kUr dgk tkrk gS tks lkekftd ifjorZu dh fdlh ,d vdsys rRo ds lanHkZ esa leh{kk djrk gSA ijUrq
,dyoknh fl¼kUr lkekftd ifjorZu dh tfVy ifj?kVuk dh leqfpr O;k[;k izLrqr ugha djrkA oLrqr%
lkekftd ifjorZu vusd rRoksa dk ifj.kke gksrk gSA dksbZ fo'ks"k rRo fpUxkjh dk dk;Z dj ldrk gS] ijUrq
vU; rRo Hkh lacaf/r gksrs gSa tks ml fpUxkjh dks lEHko cuk nsrs gSaA lkekftd ifj?kVuk ikjLifjd
vU;ksU;kfJr gksrh gSA dksbZ Hkh rRo vdsyk ifjorZu dks ?kfVr ugha djk ldrkA oLrqr% izR;sd rRo iz.kkyh
dk ,d rRo gksrk gSA ,d vax esa ifjorZu nwljs vaxksa dks izHkkfor djrk gS rFkk ;s izHkko 'ks"k dks izHkkfor
djrs gSa tc rd fd laiw.kZ iz.kkyh izHkkfor ugha gks tkrhA

9- lkekftd ifjorZu izeq[kr;k izfrLFkkiu vFkok :ikUrj.k izdkj ds gksrs gSa (Social changes are chiefly
those of modification or of replacement)—lkekftd ifjorZuksa dks O;kid :i esa izfrLFkkiuksa vFkok
:ikUrjksa esa oxhZd`r fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g HkkSfrd inkFkks± vFkok lkekftd lEcUèkksa dk :ikUrj.k gks ldrk
gSA mnkgj.kr;k] gekjs uk'rs dk :i cny x;k gSA ;|fi ge ogh vk/kjHkwr inkFkZ [kkrs gSa tks igys [kks
Fks] ;Fkk xsgw¡] vaMk] vUu_ ijUrq mudk :i cny x;k gSA vc rS;kj'kqnk dkuZiysDl] cszM] vkeysV us fiNys
o"kks± esa [kk, tkus okys bu inkFkks± ds :iksa dks izfrLFkkfir dj fn;k gSA blh izdkj] lkekftd lEcU/ksa esa
Hkh :ikUrj.k vk ldrk gSA izkphu lÙkkiz/ku ifjokj vc ,d NksVk lekukf/d`r ifjokj cu x;k gSA fL=k;ksa
ds vf/dkjksa] /eZ] ljdkj ,oa lgf'k{kk ds ckjs esa gekjs fopkj vkt :ikUrfjr gks x, gSaA
ifjorZu izfrLFkkiu dk :i Hkh ys ldrk gSA dksbZ u;k inkFkZ vFkok vHkkSfrd oLrq izkphu dks izfrLFkkfir dj
nsrh gSA ?kksM+ksa dk LFkku Lopkfyr okguksa us ys fy;k gSA blh izdkj iqjkus fopkjksa dk LFkku u, fopkjksa us ys fy;k
gSA vks"kf/ ds dhVk.kq fl¼kUr us jksx ds dkj.k ds ckjs esa iqjkus fopkjksa dks izfrLFkkfir dj fn;k gSA iztkrU=k
us dqyhura=k dks izfrLFkkfir dj fn;k gSA

11-3 lkekftd ifjorZu ds fl¼kUr (Theories of Social Change)

lkekftd ifjorZu ds fl¼kUrksa ds varxZr ge (i) lkekftd ifjorZu dh fn'kk] ,oa (ii) lkekftd ifjorZu ds
dkj.kksa ls lacaf/r fl¼kUrksa dk o.kZu djsaxsA

1- lkekftd ifjorZu dh fn'kk (The direction of social change)
izkjfEHkd lekt'kkL=kh vkfne yksxksa dh laLd`fr dks furkUr xfrghu le>rs Fks] ijUrq iwoZ&lk{kj lektksa ds
oSKkfud vè;;u ls ;g fopkj R;kx fn;k x;k gSa ekuo'kkL=kh vc bl ckr ij lger gSa fd vkfne
laLd`frd esa Hkh ifjorZu gq, gSa] ;|fi mudh xfr bruh /heh Fkh fd os xfrghu nh[krs FksA fiNys o"kks±

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