Page 19 - DECO403_MATHEMATICS_FOR_ECONOMISTS_ENGLISH
P. 19

";@1         ,=B79 6M    957< 9@9A9BH C: 8CA5=B   =G 7CBB97H98 K=H< H<9 IB=EI9 9@9A9BH C: G9H O       Q 5B8 5BM HKC
                              CF ACF9 H<5B HKC 9@9A9BHG C: G9H O       Q =G BCH 7CBB97H98 K=H< H<9 8CA5=B

                              -<9F9:CF9    9LDF9GG9G 5 :IB7H=CB  K<=7< =G 89:=B98 6M   /    /  :CFAI@5 K<CG9 F5B;9 =G O       Q


                               D-9<81      5:0 ;A@ @41 B-8A1 ;2   F     H K   F         52               -:0

                              ';8A@5;:  )IHH=B;   /  =B D@579 C: / =B H<9 :IB7H=CB    /         /

                                                                    $
                                                 /                  S    / %      /

                                                         /

                                              O    Q
                                                                    &

                              -<IG  DIHH=B;   /  =B D@579 C: / =B H<9 :IB7H=CB    /    /


                                                                                /
                                                             O  / Q    S  /                      /

                                                                               $
                                                                       /

                                                       /    O    Q                   /  %                 :?
                                                    O    Q
                                                              /

                                                                               &
                               D-9<81      2 2A:/@5;:       →   5? 0125:10 5: @41 2;88;C5:3 C-E
                                                    K    52      >
                                                           ≤
                                                 #

                                                 !    K    52    ≤     @41: 25:0 ;A@ @41 B-8A1 ;2                  K   -:0    K
                                                 #        52      K

                                                 "

                              ';8A@5;:  ,=B79 G9H  Z      <5G   =BH9FJ5@G   H<9F9:CF9 <9F9   /    /  Z

                                                                          Z
                              ,=B79 G9H         <5G   =BH9FJ5@G  H<9F9:CF9   /     / Z
                                                                         Z

                              ,=B79 G9H  Z      <5G Z   =BH9FJ5@G  H<9F9:CF9   /    /  Z
                              ,=B79  Z    Z    <5G Z   =BH9FJ5@G  H<9F9:CF9   /     /
                                                               Z        Z         Z                       :?
                               D-9<81      5:0 ;A@ @41 >-:31 ;2 2A:/@5;:     −              −

                              ';8A@5;:   GGIA9  /           /          /


                              0<9F9 /      H<9B   /      B9;5H=J9 J5@I9     5GGIA98 J5@I9

                              0<9F9 /       H<9B   /      B9;5H=J9 J5@I9     5GGIA98 J5@I9

                              -<9F9:CF9     /  =G F95@ :CF         /

                              -<9F9:CF9   F5B;9 C: :IB7H=CB                    /    /   =G          /      :?






                                           #*  , $&#  '' #"   )" * &' (,
   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24