Page 349 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—25% Hkkjrh; dj iz.kkyh

• osQUnzh; mRikn 'kqYd dk i;kZIr foLrkj 1960 rFkk 1970 osQ n'kdksa esa gqvkA 1944&75 esa djhc 128 uksV
oLrq lewgksa ij ;g dj yxk gqvk FkkA bu oLrqvksa esa fufeZr oLrq] dPph lkexzh rFkk eè;orhZ oLrq lHkh
'kkfey FkhaA dPph lkexzh rFkk eè;orhZ oLrqvksa ij mRikn 'kqYd dk izikrh (Cascading) izHkko iM+rk
gS tks vkfFkZd [;ky ls mfpr ugha gSA
• dj lq/kj lfefr (psY;kg lfefr) us viuh vfUre fjiksVZ&Hkkx ,d (1991) esa lsokvksa ij dj yxkus

dh fliQkfj'k dhA bl dj dks yxkus osQ ihNs ;g roZQ Fkk fd vkfFkZd fodkl osQ lkFk&lkFk ldy
?kjsyw mRikn esa lsok {ks=k dk izfr'kr c<+rk tkrk gS rFkk oLrq {ks=k dk va'knku ?kVrk tkrk gSA mRikn
dj jktLo dh mRikndrk ml dkj.k ?kVrh tk,xhA
• Hkkjr ljdkj us 1956 esa osQUnzh; fcozQh dj vf/fu;e ikfjr fd;k rFkk mu oLrqvksa ij foozQ; dj
yxk;k ftudk vUrjkZT;h; O;kikj gksrk gSA ftl jkT; ls oLrq,¡ ckgj tkrh gSa ogh jkT; dj yxkrk gS
rFkk jktLo Hkh izkIr djrk gSA fcozQh dj ,d fooknxzLr fo"k; gS rFkk bldk fojks/ fd;k tkrk gS rFkk
bls lekIr djus dk pqukoh eqík cuk;k tkrk gS ij ;g lekIr ugha gks ikrk D;ksafd jkT; bl vk/kj
ij bldk fojks/ djrs gSa D;ksafd ;g mudh vk; dk lcls cM+k Ïksr gSA
• LFkkuh; 'kklu esa eq[; :i ls uxj fuxe] xzke uxjikfydk,¡] xzke iapk;rsa ,oa ftyk cksMks± dk lekos'k
gksrk gSA buosQ O;; dks ns[krs gq, jkT; ljdkj }kjk bUgsa vk; izkIr djus gsrq oqQN dj yxkus osQ vf/dkj
fn, x, gSaA

25-4 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

• vf/Hkkj (Surcharge)µvfrfjDr djA
• izikrh (Cascading)µ,slh pêðku ftldk fdukjk [kM+k gksA

• yxku (Economic rent)µHkw&djA
25-5 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)

1- Hkkjrh; dj iz.kkyh osQ y{k.kksa dk o.kZu djsaA
2- Hkkjrh; dj iz.kkyh esa vPNh dj iz.kkyh dh D;k fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa\

3- osQUnz ljdkj dh vk; osQ lzksrksa dks fy[ksaA
4- vk;dj fdls dgrs gSa\ bldh fo'ks"krkvksa dks fy[ksaA
5- fuEufyf[kr ij fVIi.kh fy[ksaµ
(a) fuxe dj (b) lEifÙk dj (c) lsok djA

6- jkT; ljdkjksa osQ eq[; djksa dk o.kZu djsaA
7- LFkkuh; 'kklu osQ eq[; djksa dk o.kZu djsaA
mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu (Answers: Self Assessment)

1. MkW- tkWu eFkkbZ 2. izks- dkYMksj 3. 1968 4. djkjksi.k
5. vL=k 6. (v) 7. (c) 8. (l)

9. (n) 10 (v)A

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 343
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY