Page 123 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

bdkbZ—8% fo"kerk ,oa i`Fkq'kh"kZRo % dkyZ fi;lZu] ckmys] oSQyh dh fof/;k¡

(3) fo"kerk ls ;g irk pyrk gS fd vko`fÙk&oØ lefer (symmetrical) gS ;k vlefer] vkSj ;fn uksV
vlefer gS rks mldh fn'kk vkSj ek=kk fdruh gS] tcfd blosQ foijhr vifdj.k dh ekisa lefefr ij
dksbZ izdk'k ugha MkyrhaA
(4) vifdj.k ls lewg dh cukoV (composition) dk Kku gksrk gS] tcfd fo"kerk ls lewg osQ Lo:i
(shape) dk irk pyrk gSA
(5) vifdj.k] osQUnzh; ewY; osQ pkjksa vksj osQ fopyuksa dk vkSlr gS blfy, ;g ekè; dk gh ,d :i gSA
blosQ foijhr fo"kerk ekè;ksa ij vk/kfjr gS] ijUrq Lo;a ekè; ugha gSA
(6) vifdj.k] leadksa eas fopyu'khyrk dh ek=kk dks Kkr djus esa mi;ksxh gS tcfd fo"kerk ;g crkrh
gS fd teko cM+s ewY;ksa esa vf/d gS ;k NksVs ewY;ksa esaA
(7) vifdj.k ls ;g irk pyrk gS fd ekè;] O;fDr ewY;ksa dk dgk¡ rd izfrfuf/Ro djrk gS] tcfd
fo"kerk ls caVu dh izlkekU;rk dk Kku gksrk gSA
(8) vifdj.k fopj.k'khyrk dk vè;;u djrk gS tcfd fo"kerk] cgqyd (Mode) osQ nksuksa vksj osQ forj.k
dh lefer dk vè;;u djrh gSA
(9) vifdj.k osQ eki f}?kkrh; ekè;ksa (Averages of the Second Order) ij vk/kfjr gSa tcfd fo"kerk
osQ eki eq[;r;k izFke ?kkrh; ekè;ksa (Averages of First Order) ij vk/kfjr gSaA
(10) vifdj.k osQ eki izFke] f}rh; rFkk r`rh; ifj?kkrksa (Moments) ij vk/kfjr gSa tcfd fo"kerk osQ eki
osQoy izFke o r`rh; ifj?kkrksa osQ vk/kj ij gh fudkys tkrs gSaA
Lej.k jgs] mi;qZDr vUrj osQ ckotwn vifdj.k rFkk fo"kerk osQ eki ,d&nwljs osQ vuqiwjd gSaA lp rks ;g gS
fd vko`fÙk&caVu osQ fof/or~ fo'ys"k.k osQ fy, osQUnzh; izo`fÙk] vifdj.k rFkk fo"kerk rhuksa osQ ekiksa dk Kku
ijeko';d gSA tgk¡ osQUnzh; izo`fÙk osQ eki ls vko`fÙk&caVu dk lkjka'k Kkr gksrk gS] ogk¡ vifdj.k ls leadksa
osQ fc[kjko dk irk yxrk gS vkSj fo"kerk ls ;g tkudkjh gksrh gS fd ekè; ls fdl vksj dk vifdj.k
(fc[kjko) vf/d gSA
mnkgj.k (Illustration) 1: fuEu leadksa ls dkyZ fi;lZu fo"kerk xq.kkad Kkr dhft,μ
vkdkjμ82, 87, 109, 124, 93, 120, 130, 118, 106, 105
gy (Solution): blesa cgqyd vLi"V o vfu/kZfjr gS vr% fi;lZu osQ oSdfYid lw=k dk iz;ksx fd;k tk,xkμ
vkdkj (X) A = 110 ls fopyu fopyu oxZ

(vkjksgh Øe) (Deviations) (Squares)
X dx dx 2
82 – 28 784
87 – 23 529
93 – 17 289
105 – 5 25
106 – 4 16
109 – 1 1
118 + 8 64
120 + 10 100
124 + 14 196
130 + 20 400
2
N = 10 Σdx = – 26 Σdx = 2404

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