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f;fynkoEh dk ftek; ns/ f;ybkJh f;Zfynk gqfeqnk
B'N ehsk. fJ; d/ fJbktk j'o ftdtkBK B/ th nGhftosh wkg d/ y/so ftZu eJh gfonk; ehs/.
;gPN j? fe phs/ ;Zm ;kbK ftZu nGhftosh wkg d/ y/so ftZu ekch ftek; j'fJnk j? ns/
nkX[fBe ;w/A ftZu ftfGzB t;s{nK, ftneshnK, go;fEshnK nkfd d/ gqsh^nGhftosh dk wkg
eoB d/ bJh eJh gqeko d/ nGhftosh wkg T[dkjoD T[gbpX jB. nGhftosh d/ wkg dhnK
fszB w[Zy ftXhnK fBwB nB[;ko jB^
(i) gqsZy gqPB ftXh (Method of Direct Questioning)
(ii) gqsZy ntb'eB ftXh (Method of Direct Observation)
(iii) ;e/fbzr ftXh (Scaling Method)
gfjbhnK d' ftXhnK ftZu nGhftosh dk wkg ftnesh d/ fdB^gqshfdB d/ fttjko d/ wkfXnw
Bkb eod/ jB. fJ; bJh fJBQK d'jK ftXhnK B{z fttjkfoe ftXh (Behavioural Techniques)
iK gqsZy ftXh (Direct Method) th efjzd/ jB. ;gPN j? fe fttjkfoe ftXhnK ftZu
ftnesh s'A f;ZX/^f;ZX/ gqPB g[ZS e/ s/ T[; d/ fttjko dk gqsZy ntb'eB eoe/ T[;dh
nGhftoshnK B{z ikfDnk iKdk j?. fJj ftXh pj[s finkdk ;ob j?, gozs{ fJ; dh nkgDh e[ZM
;hwktK jB. nGhftosh wkg dh fsZih ftXh B{z wB'ftfrnkBe ftXh (Psychological
Technique) iK ngqsZy ftXh (Indirect Method) th fejk iKdk j?. fJ; ftXh d/ nzsors
wB'ftfrnkBe nN[ZN eow (Psychological Continuum) T[Zs/ ftnesh dh ;fEsh B{z wkg
(Scaling) e/ T[; dh nGhftosh dk wkg ehsk iKdk j?. wkg (Scaling) dhnK eJh ftXhnK
jB. gq;s{s nfXnkJ/ ftZu fttjkfoe ftXhnK dk toDB ;zy/g ftZu gozs{ ftfrnkBe ftXh B{z
e[ZM ft;Eko Bkb ;wMkfJnk ik fojk j?.
gqsZy gqPB ftXh (Method of Direct Questioning)
fJ; ftXh ftZu fe;h ftnesh dh fe;h t;s{, ftnesh nkfd d/ gqsh nGhftosh B{z frnks
eoB d/ bJh f;ZX/^f;ZX/ gqPB (Direct Questions) g[ZS/ iKd/ jB. ftnesh d/ d[nkok T[jBK
gqPBK T[Zs/ fdZs/ rJ/ T[ZsoK d/ d[nkok T[;dh nGhftosh d/ ;zpzX ftZu ikDekoh fwb iKdh j?.
fJ; ftXh dh soe d/ nkXko s/ wkBsk i/eo fe;h t;s{ iK ftnesh d/ ;zpzX ftZu j'o
ftneshnK d/ ftukoK B{z ikDBk ukj[zd/ jB sK T[;dh ;otT[Zsw ftXh T[; s'A gqPB g[ZSDk j?.
gqsZy gqPB eoBk n;b ftZu e[ZM T[d/PK dh g{osh ftZu pVk jh T[fus s/ ;zs'PdkfJe j[zdk j?.
fJ; ftXh dk gq:'r eoe/ ftneshnK B{z T[jBK dh nGhftosh d/ nkXko s/ fszB torK^ (i)
nfijh ftnesh fiBQK dh nB[e{b nGhftosh j?, (ii) nfij/ ftnesh fiBQK dh gqshe{b
nGhftosh j?, ns/ (iii) nfij/ ftnesh i' fJj efjzd/ jB fe T[j nGhftoshnK d/ ;zpzX ftZu
e'Jh ;gPN wZs BjhA pDk gk oj/ jB, s/ tzfvnk ikDk ;zGt j?. T[dkjoD d/ bJh fe;h okPoh
;ot/yD ftZu s[jkv/ s'A g[ZfSnk ikt/ fe s[jkvh wzvb nk:'r d/ d[nkok j'o fgSV/ tor d/ bJh
okyt/eoB d/ ;zpzX ftZu eh nGhftosh j?< sK fJ; dk noE j? fe ;kePkseosk gqsZy gqPB
ftXh dh ;jkfJsk Bkb s[jkvh nGhftosh dh ikDekoh eoe/ s[jkB{z T[go'es fszBK tork ftZu'A
fe;h fJZe tor ftZu tzvD dk gfonk; eo fojk j?. i/eo s[;hA okyt/AeoB d/ gqsh nkgDh
;fjwsh iK g;zd dk gqdoPB eod/ j' sK s[jkB{z T[go'es toDs okyt/AeoB d/ gqsh nB[e{b
nGhftosh oZyD tkb/ tor ftZu Pkfwb ehsk ikt/rk. fJ; d/ T[bn i/eo s[;hA okyt/AeoB
d/ gqsh nkgDh nf;jwsh iK Bkg;zd dk gqdoPB eod/ j' sK s[jkB{z T[go'es okyt/AeoB d/ gqsh
gqshe{b nGhftosh tkb/ tor ftZu oZfynk ikt/rk ns/ i/eo s[;hA okyt/AeoB d/ gqsh nkgD/
ftuko ftnesh eoB ftZu fMMe oj/ j' iK s[jkv/ ftukoK ftZu n;gPNsk j? sK s[jkB{z
T[go'es toDs okyt/AeoB d/ gqsh nfBPfus nGhftosh tkb/ tor ftZu Pkfwb ehsk ikt/rk.
226 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
