Page 157 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_ENGLISH

Unit 16: Programmes of UEE

deployment of teachers, (ii) the quality of textbooks and of infrastructural facilities, (iii) making Notes
education relevant to society's needs, (iv) strengthening the management and institutional capacity
of educational institutions especially at the state, district and local levels.
Self Assessment:
2. State whether the following statements one ‘True’ or ‘False’:
(i) District Primary Education programme is launched in 1980 is a national initiative to achieve
universalization of elementary education.
(ii) Use of the word ‘Operation’ in operation Blackboard indicates that there is an urgency in
this programme.
(iii) “Lok Jumbish” is an innovative educational project has been undertaken in Rajasthan with
the assistance from Swedish International Development authority.
(iv) The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan was launched towards the end of tenth plan to achieve the
goal of UEE.
16.8 Summary

• Universalisation of elementary education in India implies that all children in the age-group 6
to 14 (Class I to VIII), belonging to the rich and the poor, the male and female, the rural and
the urban and in places which are accessible with difficulty must be provided with elementary
education.
• UEE assumes special significance for a developing country like India where elementary
education is the end of nearly 45 per cent of the people.
• Some of the major initiatives and strategies are:
(i) Disaggregated target setting and decentralised microplanning, which will provide the
framework of universal access and community participation.
(ii) Strengthening alternative channels of schooling such as the non-formal education (NFE)
system for those who cannot avail of conventional full-time schooling.
(iii) Introduction of minimum levels of learning (MLLs) at primary and upper primary stages to
improve learner’s achievement.
(iv) Improvement of school facilities by revamping the scheme of Operation Blackboard (OB)
and connecting it to the MLL strategy.
• Non-formal education has become an accepted alternative channel of education for children
who cannot attend full-time schools due to various socio-economic constraints. To reach this
large segment of marginalised children, we in India have been running, since 1979-80, a
programme of NFE for children in the 6-14 age group, who have remained outside the formal
system.
• The MLL strategy is an attempt to combine quality with equity. It lays down learning outcomes
in the form of competeueics or Levels of learning foreod stage of elementary education.
• Operation Blackboard was introduced in 1987-88 to bring all existing primary schools in the
country to a minimum standard of physical facilities. Under this scheme, each school is
provided with: (i) at least two reasonably large allweather rooms along with separate toilet
facilities for boys and girls; (ii) at least two teachers (one male and one female); and (iii)
essential teaching and learning materials including blackboards, maps, charts, a small library,
toys and games, and some equipment for work experience.
• Early childhood care and education (ECCE) is viewed as a crucial input in the strategy of
human resource development, as a feeder and support programme for primary education,
and as a support service for working women of the disadvantaged sections of society.
• Teacher performance is the most crucial input in the field of education. In the ultimate analysis,
the national policies on education have to be interpreted and implemented by teachers as
much through their personal.

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 151