Page 196 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_ENGLISH

Development of Education System

Notes 21.5.1 Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE)

Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) formulated CCE (Continuous and Comprehensive
Evaluation) method for its students from Class I to X in the year 2009 and started implementing
the same in a phased manner. Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangethan, a Central Government Body which
runs schools all over India under CBSE curriculum introduced from Class III to X from the academic
session 2010-11.
Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation refers to a system of school based assessment that
covers all aspects of student's development.
It emphasizes two fold objectives. Continuity in evaluation and assessment of broad based learning.
With a view to reduce examination pressure to students, the significant change made in the CCE
is implementation of optional Board Examination for X std. There will be only school conducted
exam at the end of academic year for students of Senior Secondary Schools who are appearing for
Class X and who do not wish to move out of the CBSE system. If a student studying in a Senior
Secondary School can prefer to attend Board Examination in respect of X std, if he wishes so.
However, students who are studying in secondary schools in which no classes for XI and XII are
conducted all the students must appear for Board Examination in respect of X std.

21.5.2 Grading System
The examinations provide an essential yard stick to judge the quality of students. They play an
important role in the education system. They provide motivation and a sense of purpose to both
teachers and students to achieve set goals. Though all out efforts are made to enhance the reliability
of examination, however the human error cannot be avoided. Presently, the evaluation is carried
out in 101 point scale and human nature lacks in true evaluation on such a large scale. It is
experimentally established that the error of measurement in terms of marks is between 5 to 15%
and that in more than 50 percent cases it is more than 5%. This shortcoming can be overcome if the
students are placed in ability bands that represent range of scores.
21.5.3 Grades in place of marks
Grading is a method of communicating measurements of student achievement by using a set of
symbols that ought to be clearly defined and understood by all concerned i.e. students, teachers,
parents and all other stake holders. In grading, subjects are classified on the basis of pre-defined
standards. It is of utmost significance that the meaning of each grading symbol is clearly spelt out.
The different grading systems in use are:
• Direct Grading
• Indirect Grading - Absolute Grading
- Relative Grading
Advantages of Grading are:
• It will minimize misclassification of students on the basis of unreliable marks
• It will eliminate unhealthy cut-throat competition among high achievers.
• It will be a greater relief to low achievers when the system of declaring pass/ fail is abolished.
Failure in a single stroke examination should not convey the message that a student is a
failure in life and thus affect self esteem.
• It will provide a chance to improve upon his/her grade in any subject over a period of time
without carrying the stigma attached with failure.
• It will reduce societal pressure and will make the learner more comfortable.
In relative grading students are ranked and assigned grades according to rank i.e. placing students
in direct competition with one another.
It is observed that when rank-based systems are used in education or in any employment situation,

190 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY