Page 155 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

'kSf{kd O;oLFkk dk fodkl

uksV LoμewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft, (Fill in the blanks)

(i) fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ---------------- esa xfBr dh xbZA

(ii) ;w-th-lh- dk eq[;ky; ----------------- esa fLFkr gSA
(iii) ;w-th-lh- dsUnzh; rFkk jkT; ljdkjksa dks fo'ofo|ky; laca/h ekeyksa esa ---------- nsrk gSA
(iv) ,u-,-,-lh- ------------ }kjk xfBr dh xbZ ,d Lok;Ùk laLFkk gSA

(v) ,u-lh-Vh-bZ- dk eq[;ky; ------------ esa fLFkr gSA
(vi) ,u-lh-Vh-bZ- eq[;ky; ------------ ds }kjk lapkfyr gksrk gSA
(vii) ,u-lh-Vh-bZ- dh ------------ {ks=kh; lfefr;k¡ gSaA

13-7 lkjka'k (Summary)

fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ikfyZ;kesUV ,DV ds rgr cuus okyh ,d Lok;Ùk laLFkk gS tks fo'ofo|ky; f'k{kk
ds Lrj dks cuk;s j[kus dk dk;Z djrh gSA
Hkkjr esa mPp f'k{kk ds fodkl ds fy, izFke iz;kl 1944 esa vkjaHk fd;k x;kA dsUnzh; ijke'kZ cksMZ vkWiQ
,tqds'ku us 1944 esa fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ds xBu ds fy, lq>ko fn,A

vk;ksx us fu.kZ; fy;k fd fo'ofo|ky;ksa ls lacaf/r rFkk mPp f'k{k.k laLFkkuksa ds iQaM~l rFkk lHkh ekeyksa dh
ns[k&js[k fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx djsxk vkSj blds }kjk fy;k x;k fu.kZ; vafre gksxkA
jk"Vªh; vlslesUV rFkk ,ØhfMVsu lfefr ,d Lopkfyr Lok;Ùk laLFkk gS tks fd us'kuy f'k{kk dh jk"Vªh; uhfr
1986 rFkk POA 1992 dh fliQkfj'kksa ds vk/kj ij 1994 esa ;w-th-lh- }kjk xfBr dh xbZA bldk izeq[k dk;Z
mPp f'k{kk laLFkkuksa] egkfo|ky;ksa rFkk fo'ofo|ky;ksa rFkk mudh bdkbZ;ksa (Ldwy] laLFkku] dk;ZØe vkfn) dk
ewY;kadu rFkk ekiu djuk gSA

ebZ 1973 bZ- esa Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk jk"Vªh; vè;kid&f'k{kk ifj"kn~ (NCTE) dh LFkkiuk dh xbZA ;g
vè;kid&f'k{kk lEcU/h lHkh i{kksa ij ijke'kZ nsrh gSA
lekt dh leL;kvksa vkSj jk"Vª ds vkn'kks± dks n`f"V esa j[kdj ikB~;Øe dk izk:i rS;kj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
ikB~;Øe dh f'k{k.k fof/;k¡ Hkkjrh; ifjfLFkfr ds vuq:i gksuh pkfg;sA ikB~;Øe ds vUrxZr lkekftd
okrkoj.k ds lkFk i;kZoj.k] dk;Z&vuqHko] 'kkjhfjd rFkk euksjatu dh ikB~;oLrq dks lfEefyr fd;k tkuk
pkfg;sA

f'k{kk osQ ekè;e ls ckyd ds O;fDrRo dk lEiw.kZ fodkl djuk vè;kidksa dk y{; gksrk gS ftlls og jk"Vª
vkSj lekt ds fodkl esa lg;ksx ns ldsA vr% vè;kid&f'k{kk ds fofHkUu Lrjksa ds mís'; rFkk ikB~;Øe i`Fkd~
gksus ds ckotwn muesa ,dhdj.k gksuk vko';d gSA
fofHkUu Lrjksa ds fy;s vyx&vyx fof'k"V ikB~;Øe fodflr fd;s tkus pkfg;sA xzkeh.k] 'kgjh rFkk LFkkuh;
vko';drkvksa dks è;ku esa j[kdj Nk=kksa dks tkudkjh eqgS;k djkuh pkfg,A blesa jk"Vªh; y{;] lkekftd
Lo:i] ekufld Lrj rFkk lkekftd fodkl dks Hkh egÙo fn;k tkuk pkfg,A
vè;kid&f'k{kk ds vUrxZr vusd f'k{k.k&fof/;ksa dks crk;k tkrk gS] ijUrq mudk vH;kl ugha djk;k tkrkA
f'k{kk&rduhdh f'k{k.k&fof/;ksa esa ifjorZu pkgrh gSA

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