Page 232 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_ENGLISH

Guidance and Counseling

Notes possesses these, and to attempt to make whatever changes in himself are needed for achieving
an improved relationship with his home and school associates.
• The method of self-evaluation includes considering the findings of :
(i) An honest self-analysis, preferably with the aid of prepared lists of questions.
(ii) An objective analysis of the individual by teachers and parents as a result of their observation
of his behaviour.

(iii) A scientific or semi-scientific analysis of the individual by experts through the administration
of appropriate tests, scales, or inventories.
• Counselors need to be thoroughly acquainted with; (1) those vocational opportunities that
are more or less permanent,
• Counseling of students in specialised colleges is extremely important. In every form of
occupational activity, the possession of certain appropriate personality characteristics is as
significant in achieving worker success as are specific skills and knowledges. Hence the guidance
personnel must be thoroughly acquainted with required personality qualities and must help
their students to acquire them.
• Assuming that an individual has received adequate training for participation in a vocation
which he has selected intelligently, the factors or adjustment on the job include the following:
(i) Employment possibilities
(ii) Wages and hours
(iii) Physical conditions of the job environment
• At each step of the way, from placement to resignation or retirement, the worker probably can
benefit from indirect or direct guidance from qualified persons. Job-seeking includes one or
more of the following :
(i) Random shopping around
(ii) Reading newspaper and magazine advertisements
• Work experience is the student’s exposure to work in an occupation before he begins a full-
time job. Five types of such experience are recognised :
(i) Work that is done in some project undertaken for the benefit of the school, usually without
pay, but where actual job conditions are maintained as far as possible.
• The process of guidance towards occupational adjustment includes three steps :
(i) wise selection of a vocation while in high school or college;
(ii) adequate job preparation in a specialised training institution;
• Community-sponsored vocational guidance services deal particularly with the employment
problems of the nonselective worker. Many young people have no particular occupational
interests, but have sufficient general ability to perform creditably in jobs that require little
special training.
• The purpose of job counseling is to help the individual make a practicable occupational choice
and to assist him toward finding employment in that field. Vocational counseling is a much
broader task than merely matching any person who needs a job with any opening that is
available. The requirements of the job; the personality, training, and experience of the candidate;
and other family, social, and environmental factors must receive consideration.
• The inexperienced, the occupationally maladjusted, the physically handicapped, and older
workers present special counseling problems. Fortunately, many industrial organisations are
co-operating with established counseling services to assist-in the placement of those who are
efficient enough to handle a particular assignment.

226 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY