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Teacher Education

Notes universities introduced this framework, so expected improvement in Teacher-education did not
occur. Later on, National Policy on education and Programme of action (1986) suggested to
restructure teacher –education; because only quality teacher –education can cause quality school-
education. National curriculum for school – education (1988) emphasized learner –centred approach
to education. Considering guidelines of NPE (1986) and National Commission on teachers (1983-85)
NCERT initiated to set up following two working groups on:
• Revitalization and Modernization of Pre-service teacher education.
• Issues of teacher education curriculum.
Considering observations and suggestions at these groups made by NCTE to improve its model
(1978), NCTE Prepared NCTE Model-II (1988)
• NCTE – Model – II (1988) :
This model offered Pre-service Teacher-education curriculum at primary stage for those having
entry qualification std. XII (or 10 + 2). Its duration : 2 years. Its curriculum components with respective
% weightage (in terms of time) are as under–
(A) Foundation Course (20%) :
(i) Education in emerging India (Philosophical & Socio-cultural perspective – (10%)
(ii) Primary students : Learning process, adjustment (10%) (Educational Psychology)
(B) Stage Relevant Specialization (30%) :
(iii) Primary education and teacher functions (5%)
(iv) Language teaching (1 relevant language choice): (5%)
(v) Maths teaching (5%)
(vi) Environmental studies teaching (related to std. 1 to 5) (5%)
(vii) Health and Physical education (5%)
(viii) Art Education, work-experience (5%)
(C) Additional specialization (10%) :
(ix) Science teaching and social science teaching / Pre-school Education (5%)
(x) Any one elective (Adult education/Nonformal education/5%) social Education/Tribal
education/Multiple class teaching/Population education/Special education/Educational
technology)
(D) Practical / Field Work (40%) :
(xi) Practical work (20%)
(xii) Internship in Teaching (in primary, upper-primary and (20%) Pre-school system) Thus
NCTE Model–II (1988) indicated four Areas (A, B, C, D) and its nine curriculum
components. Its theoretical components had 60% weightage while the practical
components 40% weight age. As compared to NCTE Model-I (1978), the Model-II offered
more weight age to practical area at primary stage.

4.3 National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education at the
Elementary Stage

Its contribution to nation building and process of development and growth has been universally
recognized. NCFTE it recommends new approaches for transactional and evaluation strategies to
raise the quality of elementary education. Teachers working at this stage may be guided by new
areas of NCFTE – 2000 as well as by the pedagogical principles that form the base of teaching at
elementary education. Though teachers at all stages of school education try to make learning a
joyful activity, however, greater responsibility lies on teachers of elementary education to ensure
that learning becomes activity – based, participative and joyful. The recommendations of the NCFTE
– 2000 have far reaching consequences for the preparation of teachers at this level.

42 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY