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Fiction

Notes 15.1 Great Expectations: Plot Construction in Detail

Great Expectations is the story of Pip, an orphan boy adopted by a blacksmith’s family, who
has good luck and great expectations, and then loses both his luck and his expectations.
Through this rise and fall, however, Pip learns how to find happiness. He learns the meaning
of friendship and the meaning of love and, of course, becomes a better person for it.
The story opens with the narrator, Pip, who introduces himself and describes a much younger
Pip staring at the gravestones of his parents. This tiny, shivering bundle of a boy is suddenly
terrified by a man dressed in a prison uniform. The man tells Pip that if he wants to live, he’ll
go down to his house and bring him back some food and a file for the shackle on his leg.
Pip runs home to his sister, Mrs. Joe Gragery, and his adoptive father, Joe Gragery. Mrs. Joe
is a loud, angry, nagging woman who constantly reminds Pip and her husband Joe of the
difficulties she has gone through to raise Pip and take care of the house. Pip finds solace from
these rages in Joe, who is more his equal than a paternal figure, and they are united under a
common oppression.
Pip steals food and a pork pie from the pantry shelf and a file from Joe’s forge and brings
them back to the escaped convict the next morning. Soon thereafter, Pip watches the man get
caught by soldiers and the whole event soon disappears from his young mind.
Mrs. Joe comes home one evening, quite excited, and proclaims that Pip is going to “play” for
Miss. Havisham, “a rich and grim lady who lived in a large and dismal house.”

Pip is brought to Miss Havisham’s place, a mansion called the “Satis House,” where sunshine
never enters. He meets a girl about his age, Estella, “who was very pretty and seemed very
proud.” Pip instantly falls in love with her and will love her the rest of the story. He then
meets Miss Havisham, a willowy, yellowed old woman dressed in an old wedding gown.
Miss Havisham seems most happy when Estella insults Pip’s coarse hands and his thick boots
as they play.

Did u know? Pip is insulted, but thinks there is something wrong with him. He vows to
change, to become uncommon, and to become a gentleman.
Pip continues to visit Estella and Miss Havisham for eight months and learns more about their
strange life. Miss Havisham brings him into a great banquet hall where a table is set with food
and large wedding cake. But the food and the cake are years old, untouched except by a vast
array of rats, beetles and spiders which crawl freely through the room. Her relatives all come
to see her on the same day of the year: her birthday and wedding day, the day when the cake
was set out and the clocks were stopped many years before; i.e. the day Miss Havisham
stopped living.
Pip begins to dream what life would be like if he were a gentleman and wealthy. This dream
ends when Miss Havisham asks Pip to bring Joe to visit her, in order that he may start his
indenture as a blacksmith. Miss Havisham gives Joe twenty five pounds for Pip’s service to
her and says good-bye.
Pip explains his misery to his readers: he is ashamed of his home, ashamed of his trade. He
wants to be uncommon; he wants to be a gentleman. He wants to be a part of the environment
that he had a small taste of at the Manor House.
Early in his indenture, Mrs. Joe is found lying unconscious, knocked senseless by some unknown
assailant. She has suffered some serious brain damage, having lost much of voice, her hearing,

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