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Gowher Ahmad Naik, LPU Unit 12: Transcription of English Speech Sounds: From Words to Sentences, Syllables: Monosyllabic...

Unit 12: Transcription of English Speech Sounds: From Words Notes
to Sentences, Syllables: Monosyllabic,
Bi-syllabic and Stress in English

CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction
12.1 Transcription
12.2 Phonetic Transcription
12.3 Phonotactics
12.4 The Syllable—Definitions
12.5 Syllable Structure Analysis
12.6 Syllable Division
12.7 Classification of the English Syllable
12.8 Pronunciation: General Theoretical Framework
12.9 Stress
12.10 The Nature of Stress
12.11 Level of Stress
12.12 Placement of Stress within the Word
12.13 Summary
12.14 Key-Words
12.15 Review Questions
12.16 Further Readings

Objectives

After studying this Unit students will be able to:
• Understand the English Speech Sound.
• Explain the Definitions, Structure, Parts, Phonotactics, Syllable Division and Classification.
Introduction

One of the major hurdles that people face in the pronunciation of English words are that they try to
pronounce words as they are spelled, i.e., the correspondence between the spellings and pronunciation.
For example, ‘cough’, ‘through’ and ‘bough’, all these words use the ‘ough’, but their pronunciations
are different. In order to overcome this problem International Phonetic Association introduced
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) to describe the sounds and their pronunciation. The association
claims that these sound symbols can be used for any language in the world.
12.1 Transcription

Roach (2000: 41) states that transcription is a number of symbols of several different sorts. As a matter
of fact. English transcription is of two kinds:
1. Phonemic Transcription
It is the kind of transcription” where every speech sound must be identified as one of the
phonemes and written with the appropriate symbol.“.

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