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dFkk lkfgR; ,oa fucaèk
uksV lkjka'kµmi;qZDr foospu ls ;g ckr Li"V gks tkrh gS fd izHkkdj th dk mís'; fdu ekU;rkvksa esa fufgr gS
vkSj og thou pfjr osQ ekè;e ls D;k dguk pkgrs gSa\ O;fDr osQ pfj=k dk mn~?kkVu djrs gq, mUgksaus ekuo
vuqHkwfr;ksa dk cM+k lqanj o.kZu fd;k gSA blh dkj.k muosQ thou pfj=k dk mís'; jktuhfrd] lkekftd] èkk£ed]
vk£Fkd vkSj lkaLÑfrd Hkh gSA bu lHkh dk o.kZu ys[kd us cM+s euks;ksx ls fd;k gSA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self-Assessment)
fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa lR; vFkok vlR; dh igpku djsa
(State Whether the following statements are True or False) :
7- eks{knk thouHkj 'kjrckcw osQ lkFk jghA
8- 'kjr dgrs Fksµ^euq"; osQ varj esa nkuork fNih gS] ekuork ughaA*
9- 'kjr osQ vkokjkiu us gh mUgsa egku lkfgR;dkj cuk;kA
28-3 ^vkokjk elhgk* osQ ukedj.k dh lkFkZdrk
euq"; osQ thou esa uke dh cM+h egÙkk gSA uke ls oLrq dk laxfBr :i O;fDr osQ lkeus vk tkrk gSA ;gh dkj.k
gS fd lalkj dh izR;sd oLrq vius uke ls gh thfor gSA uke osQ fcuk ;k rks og oLrq u"V gks tkrh gS ;k fiQj
yksx mls Hkwy tkrs gSaA tc dHkh mUgsa ml oLrq dh iqu% ;kn vkrh gS rks os loZizFke mldk uke gh ;kn djrs
gSaA lkfgfR;d jpuk osQ lacaèk esa Hkh ;gh ckr gSA ys[kd loZizFke Ñfr dk ukedj.k djrk gSA rnqijkar og mlosQ
'kjhj dks foLrkj nsrk gSA ;g uke gh gS ftlosQ dkj.k og gtkjksa lkfgfR;d jpukvksa esa ls igpkuh tkrh gSA
;g uke gh gS ftldks iqdkjrs gh ys[kd osQ ;'k vkSj lEeku dk c[kku Hkh lkFk&lkFk gksus yxrk gSA blfy,
jpuk pkgs og dgkuh] fucaèk] miU;kl] thouh vkfn oqQN Hkh gks] mlosQ uke dk lkeus vkuk ,d izdkj ls
vfuok;Z&lk gSA
thouh ys[kd viuh Ñfr dk uke izk;% pfjr uk;d dh fo'ks"krkvksa dks è;ku esa j[kdj osQUnzh; fLFkfr osQ
vuq:i x<+rk gSA blosQ ckn og mls fl¼ djus osQ fy, uk;d osQ :i dks foLrkj nsrk gSA ikBd fcuk uke
dh iqLrd dks dHkh xzg.k ugha djuk pkgrkA uke osQ }kjk gh mlosQ pfjr uk;d dk lkekU; ifjp; gks tkrk
gSA blfy, izR;sd ys[kd bl ckr dk iz;kl djrk gS fd Ñfr dk uke laf{kIr] lkFkZd vkSj laiw.kZ jpuk osQ
Hkko dks Li"V djus okyk gksuk pkfg,A fgUnh lkfgR; esa vusd jpukdkjksa dh thofu;k¡ feyrh gSaA izk;% lHkh
dk ukedj.k jpukdkjksa osQ xq.kksa osQ vkèkkj ij gh jpk x;k gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy, izsepanz dh thouh ^dye dk
flikgh*] ^iFk osQ lkFkh* vkfn ukeksa ls fy[kh xbZ gSA mlh izdkj vU; fo'ofo[;kr ys[kdksa dh thofu;k¡ Hkh
yxHkx mudh viuh fo'ks"krkvksa osQ vklikl cquh xbZ gSaA
^vkokjk elhgk* uked Ñfr tks Jh fo".kq izHkkdj }kjk 'kjr ckcw osQ thou pfj=k ij fy[kh xbZ gS] blh Js.kh
esa vkrh gSA iqLrd osQ uke dks i<+dj ikBd lkspus osQ fy, foo'k gks tkrk gS fd fo'ofo[;kr ys[kd 'kjr
D;k okLro esa ^vkokjk elhgk* gh FkkA lpeqp 'kjr ckcw dk thou ,d vkokjk O;fDr osQ leku bèkj ls mèkj
jgus vkSj vkus&tkus esa gh O;rhr gqvkA fojksèkkHkklksa osQ chp mHkjk mudk ?kqeDdM+ thou okLro esa mudks
^vkokjk elhgk* fl¼ dj nsrk gSA uke dh bl lkFkZdrk dks ge bl izdkj le>us dk iz;kl djsaxsA
Jh fo".kq izHkkdj us 'kjr ckcw osQ thou ls lacafèkr tks lkexzh bdV~Bh dh mlls ;gh ckr lkfcr gksrh gS fd
'kjr ckcw i;ZVu'khy O;fDr FksA oqQN rks vius firk dh ?kqeDdM+ izo`fÙk osQ dkj.k vkSj oqQN 'kjr osQ ,d LFkku
ij u fVdus osQ dkj.k muesa vkokjkiu osQ Hkko vk x, FksA blhfy, izHkkdj th us ^vkokjk elhgk* osQ uke ls
jpuk dhA 'kjr ckcw dh bl izo`fÙk osQ dkj.k oqQN yksx mudks lkfgR;dkj ekurs gh ugha gSaa os dgrs gSa fd 'kjr
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