Page 272 - DHIN501_BHASHA_VIGYAN

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dk gh ,d :i gSA nfD[kuh osQ izkjafHkd lkfgR;dkj [oktk cankuokt xslwnjkt (1318&1430 bZ-) dh ^fejktqy uksV
vkf'kdhu* dks nfD[kuh x| gh ugha] [kM+h cksyh x| dh Hkh igyh jpuk Lohdkj fd;k tkrk gSA [kM+h cksyh]
vjch&iQkjlh vkSj nf{k.kh Hkk"kkvksa osQ feJ.k ls bl Hkk"kk us Hkh mÙkj vkSj nf{k.k osQ chp ,d dM+h dk dke
fd;k gSA
osQjy dh Hkk"kk ey;kye 'kCnkoyh dh n`f"V ls vU; nzfoM+ Hkk"kkvksa dh rqyuk esa fganh osQ vf/d fudV Lohdkj
dh tkrh gSA osQjy esa fr#foukaoqQj osQ jktk fr#uky Jhjke oekZ us czt Hkk"kk esa vusd inksa dh jpuk dh gSµ
jkepUnz izHkq! rqe fcu vkSj dkSu [kcj ys eksjhA
ckt jgh ftudh uxjh eksa lnk /je dh HksjhA
tkosQ pj.k dey dh jt ls frfj;k ru owaQ isQjksA
vkSj u osQ dNq vkSj Hkjkslk gesa Hkjkslk rsjksA
egkjk"Vª esa ukFk;ksfx;ksa] egkuqHkko laiznk;] foêòy laiznk; vkfn us fganh osQ izpkj esa i;kZIr #fp yh gSA f'kokth
rFkk muosQ iq=k 'kEHkk th fganh osQ izcy leFkZd FksA lar Kkus'oj] lar rqdkjke vkSj lar ukenso dh jpukvksa esa
fganh osQ Hkh vusd i| fy[krs gSaµ

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mBks rkr izkr Hk;ks] jtfu dks frfej x;ks]
gsjr lc Xoky cky eksguk dUgkbZA
xqqtjkr bl n`f"V ls fdlh ls de ugha gSA ujlh esgrk vkSj n;kjke xqtjkr osQ gh dfo gSa ftudh fganh jpuk,¡
vkt Hkh izfl¼ gSaA ehjk dh tUe LFkyh xqtjkr gSA v"VNki osQ dfo o`Q".knkl th dh Hkwfe Hkh xqtjkr FkhA egsjko.k
lg us fMaxy fefJr czt esa ^iz.kh.k lkxj* egkdkO; dh jpuk dhA ;gk¡ vusd fo|ky;ksa esa fganh dk vè;kiu
gksrk Fkk rFkk vU; vusd ekSfyd fganh xzFkksa dh Hkh jpuk gqbZA

iatkc rks fganh {ks=k dk iM+kslh gh gSA fganh vkSj iatkch {ks=k osQ yksxksa dk ,d&nwljs osQ {ks=k esa tkuk lgt jgk gSA
nksuksa Hkk"kkvksa us ,d&nwljs dks nwj rd izHkkfor fd;k gSA iatkc osQ xq# xksfoUn flag dh fxurh fganh osQ ew/ZU; dfo;ksa
gksrh gSA fetkZ [kk¡ us Hkh ^rksgiQrqy fgUn* esa cztHkk"kk osQ dkO;'kkL=k dk izfriknu fd;k gSA
blh izdkj Hkkjr osQ iwohZ {ks=kksa caxky] mM+hlk vkfn esa fganh dk i;kZIr izpkj&izlkj jgk gSA lquhfr oqQekj pVthZ
osQ vuqlkj 1575 bZ- esa caxky ls iBku jkT; dh lekfIr osQ ckn o eqxy jkT; osQ izlkj osQ lkFk caxky esa fganh
dks c<+kok feykA mM+hlk esa fganh dk izos'k HkfDr dfork osQ ekè;e ls gqvkA jk; jkekuan (15oha lnh)] txUukFknkl]
oa'kh yky feJ] cztukFk cM+tsuk] jkenkl] dfopanz ujflag jk; xq# vkfn bl {ks=k osQ izeq[k fganh dfo jgs gSaA
fganh osQ vU; Hkk"kk Hkk"kh {ks=kksa ls laioZQ dh ;g dM+h vk/qfud dky esa vkSj etcwr gqbZ gSA vaxzstksa osQ fo#¼
Lokèkhurk laxzke esa fganh us gh lHkh {ks=kksa esa tkdj jk"Vªh; ,drk dks etcwr djus dk dk;Z fd;k gSA fganhrj {ks=kksa
osQ Lok/hurk lsukfu;ksa] usrkvksa] Hkk"kkfonksa] lkfgR;dkjksa lHkh us ,der ls fganh dks jk"VªHkk"kk Lohdkj djrs gq, dHkh
{ks=kksa osQ fuokfl;ksa dks fganh esa dke vkSj ckr djus dks izksRlkfgr fd;kA lu~ 1826 bZ- esa fganh dk igyk lekpkj
i=k ^mnar ekrZ.M* caxky osQ dksydkrk ls izdkf'kr gqvkA ,e-,- fganh dk ikB~;Øe lcls igys dksydkrk
fo'ofo|ky; esa izkjaHk gqvkA fganh osQ vusd izeq[k jpukdkj xSj fganh Hkk"kh {ks=kksa osQ jgs gSaA fganqvksa osQ vusd izeq[k
rhFkZ vfganh Hkk"kh {ks=kksa esa gh gSaA }kjdk iqjh] jkes'oje vkSj txUukFkiqjh esa izfrfnu gtkjksa yksx izfrfnu fganh Hkk"kh
{ks=kksa osQ rhFkks± esa vkrs gSa vkSj muosQ fy, Hkh fganh laioZQ Hkk"kk dk dke jdrh gSA ;gh fLFkfr O;kikj osQ {ks=k dh
Hkh gSA fganh vkSj vfganh {ks=kksa osQ fuoklh ,d&nwljs {ks=kksa esa tkdj fganh osQ ekè;e ls gh laioZQ djrs gSaA oqQN yksxksa
dks yxrk gS fd O;kikj vkfn esa vaxzsth laioZQ dk dke djrh gS vFkok dj ldrh gSA ijarq ;g /kj.kk lgh ugha
gSA vkt Hkh ns'k esa vaxzsth cksyus okys yksx dkiQh fey tkrs gSa] fdarq mudh la[;k cgqr gh FkksM+h gS vkSj ges'kk
FkksM+h gh jgsxhA bldk eq[; dkj.k ;g gS fd ;g Hkk"kk dfBu vkSj fons'kh gSA lk/kj.k euq"; bls xzg.k ugha dj

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