Page 162 - DHIN502_AADHUNIK_KAAVYA

vk/qfud dkO; Hardeep Kaur, Lovely Professional University

uksV
bdkbZ 13% jkx&fojkxµ jke dh 'kfDriwtk] ljkst Le`fr

(O;k[;k Hkkx)

vuqØef.kdk

mís';
dfork ls ifjp;
13-1 jke dh 'kfDriwtkµ lizlax O;k[;k

13-2 ljkst Le`frµ lizlax O;k[;k
13-3 lkjka'k
13-4 vH;kl&iz'u

13-5 lanHkZ iqLrosQa

mís';

fo|kFkhZ bl bdkbZ osQ vè;;u osQ i'pkr~ l{ke gksaxsµ
• jke dh 'kfDriwtk vkSj ljkst Le`fr esa vfHkO;Dr HkkokfHkO;fDr dks le>us ,oa mldh O;k[;k djus esaA

dfork ls ifjp;

egkdfo fujkyk osQ O;fDrRo ls ljkcksj çLrqr dfork muosQ thou dh egRoiw.kZ ltZuk rks gS gh] fgUnh lkfgR;
dh Hkh ;g vewY; fuf/ gSA fujkyk us vius thou esa tks nks&rhu çcaèkkRed vkSj egkdkO; osQ vkSnkR; ls iw.kZ
jpuk,¡ jpha] muesa ls ;g ,d lokZf/d egÙoiw.kZ d`fr gSA lu~ 1936 esa jph xbZ bl dfork dk l`tu
jke&jko.k&;q¼ dh i`"BHkwfe ij gqvk gSA dfo us lgt euksfoKku dk lgkjk ysdj bl ikSjkf.kd vkSj ,sfrgkfld
;q¼ osQ jke osQ O;fDrRo dks vk/qfud ekuoh; cM+h dq'kyrk ls jpk gSA jko.k ls ijkftr jke dk var}ZU} vkSj
la?k"kZ okLro esa ekuork dk 'kk'or var}ZU} vkSj la?k"kZ cudj bl dfork esa vfHkO;aftr gqvk gSA vius ;qx dks
lans'k nsus dh vn~Hkqr {kerk Hkh bl dfork esa fo|eku gSA og ;g fd uohu vFkkZr~ le;kuqlkj 'kfDr dk lap;
dj] 'k=kqi{k osQ vuq:i gh 'kfDr&lk/uk djosQ vius vfLrRo] O;fDrRo vkSj thou osQ eku&ewY;ksa dh j{kk laHko
gks ldrh gSA vijkt;srk dk Hkko ges'kk jguk pkfg,A ogh fot; dk fo/k;d gksrk gSA
blosQ lkFk dfo osQ vius fujk'kk osQ }a} ls xzLr] fdarq vijkts; O;fDrRo dh >yd Hkh bl dfork ls fey tkrh
gSA viuh Hkk"kk&'kSyh osQ vkSnkR; osQ dkj.k Hkh ;g dfork vR;f/d egÙoiw.kZ Lohdkj dh xbZ gSA blesa dkO; osQ
dbZ fo/k;d :iksa dk lqanj leUo; Hkh ns[kus dks feyrk gSA

dfooj ^fujkyk* us tks FkksM+h&lh çca/kRed jpuk,¡ jph gSa] mlesa ls ^ljkst&Le`fr* ,d vR;f/d egÙoiw.kZ jpuk
ekuh tkrh gSA dfo&thou dh lewph d#.kk bl jpuk esa tSls lkdkj gks mBh gSA fujkyk th dh fç; iRuh dk
vle; esa gh nsgksr gks x;k FkkA mudh iq=kh ljkst mlh dh iq.;&Le`fr vkSj /jksgj FkhA ij Hkjs ;kSou esa gh igys
og fo/ok gks xbZ vkSj mlosQ ckn ?kksj lkekftd oS"kE;ksa dk f'kdkj cudj og bl lalkj ls py clh dfo fujkyk
dk eu] tks igys gh ihfM+r Fkk] bl vk?kkr ls fryfeyk mBk! os iw.kZr;k foæksgh cu x,A ml ij vkfFkZd 'kks"k.kksa
osQ vk?kkrksa us mudh ç[kj dkO;&psruk dk lkn nhA ifj.kkeLo:i bl çdkj dh çca/kRed jpuk,¡ lkeus vkb±A

156 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY