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ukVd ,oa dFksrj x|
uksV :i esa tqustk dk ifjp; nsrs gq, mlosQ fy, ^dk;b¡fiu] 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA lkfo=kh osQ mi;qZDr C;kSjksa
ls Hkh og okLro esa lqy>k gqvk dkb;k¡ gh izekf.kr gksrk gS tks viuk ?kj Hkjus osQ fy, nksLrh dh vkM+ esa
nwljksa osQ lkFk dksbZ Hkh f[kyokM+ dj ldrk gSA lkfo=kh tqustk dks ,d izdkj ls blh ckjs esa pqukSrh nsrh gqbZ
lh dgrh gSµ** ij vly esa mldh cjcknh dh uhao D;k pht [kksn jgh Fkh a a a D;k pht vkSj dkSu vkneh
a a a vius fny esa rks vki Hkh tkurs gksaxsA** bl dFku ls Hkh tqustk osQ pfj=k dh os vkUrfjd js[kk,¡ tks fd
ukVddkj ,d iq#"k osQ pkSFks O;fDrRo osQ :i esa mHkkjuk pkgrk gS] Li"V gks tkrh gSaA
Lo&ewY;kadu
fn, x, dFku osQ lkeus lgh ( ) vFkok xyr (×) dk fu'kku yxkb,µ
1- ukVd dk ik=k egsUnzukFk drZO;fu"B ,oa deZB O;fDr gSA
2- lfo=kh egsUæukFk esa fodflr gqbZ pkfjf=kd nqcZyrkvksa dk dkj.k mlds fe=k
^tqustk* dks ekurh gSA
3- egsUæukFk osQ iq=k v'kksd dk pfj=k ikfjokfjd dyg dk ifj.kke gSA
4- egsUæukFk dk fe=k ^tqustk* lkfo=kh osQ izfr vklfDr Hkko j[krk gS ijarq tkfgj ugha gksus nsrkA
ftl izdkj lkfo=kh osQ O;ogkj vkSj dFku tqustk osQ vUreZu dks m?kkM+us okys gSa] mlh izdkj og tqustk gh
gS tks lkfo=kh osQ vUreZu dh irs± ,d&osQ&ckn&,d m?kkM+rk pyk tkrk gSA foxr dh ckrksa osQ nqgjkus ij tc
lkfo=kh dgrh gS fd og tqustk dh bTtr djrh Fkh] rc og mldk et+kd mM+krk gqvk dgrk gS fdµ ^^rqe
bTt+r dg ldrh gks mls a a a ij og bTt+r fdl fy, djrh Fkha\ blfy, ugha fd ,d vkneh osQ rkSj ij
eSa egsUæ ls dqN csgrj Fkk rqEgkjh ut+j esa a a a fliQZ blfy, fd eSa tSlk Hkh Fkk] tks Hkh FkkµegsUæ ugha FkkA
igys dqN fnu tqustk ,d vkneh Fkk rqEgkjs lkeus a a aA** og dguk pkgrk gS fd egsUæukFk ls Åcdj lkfo=kh
us mldh rjiQ Hkh izse dk ix c<+k;k FkkA ij fiQj og viuh bPNk dk iqjkiu u ikdj okfil ykSV vkbZA
vr% lkfo=kh osQ lewps O;fDrRo dk fo'ys"k.k tqustk bu 'kCnksa esa djrk gSµ
^^vly ckr ;g gS fd egsUæ dh txg buesa ls dksbZ Hkh vkneh gksrk rqEgkjh ftUnxh esa] rks lky&nks lky
ckn rqe ;gh eglwl djrh fd rqeus ,d xyr vkneh ls 'kknh dj yh gSA mldh ft+Unxh esa Hkh ,sls gh dksbZ
egsUæ] dksbZ tqustk] dksbZ f'kothr ;k dksbZ txeksgu gksrk ftldh otg ls rqe ;gh lc lksprha] ;gh lc eglwl
djrhaA** vkSj fiQj og ukVd esa ikfjokfjd Lrj ij mHkjh leL;k dk lkjk cks> lkfo=kh ij Mkyrs gq, dgrk
gSµ ^^a a a D;ksafd rqEgkjs fy, thus dk eryc jgk gS fdruk dqN ,d lkFk gksdj] fdruk dqN ,d&lkFk ikdj]
fdruk&dqN ,d&lkFk vks<+dj thukA og mruk dqN dHkh rqEgsa fdlh ,d txg u fey ikrk] blfy, ftl fdlh
osQ lkFk Hkh ftUnxh 'kq: djrha] rqe ges'kk bruh gh [kkyh] bruh gh cspSu cuh jgrhaA og vkneh Hkh blh rjg
rqEgsa vius vkl&ikl flj iVdrk vksj diM+s iQkM+rk ut+j vkrk vkSj rqe a a aA** vkSj blh dkj.k pkykd cfYd
ukVddkj osQ 'kCnksa esa dkb;k¡ tqustk lkfo=kh osQ f'kadts ls lkiQ fudy Hkkxrk gSA tqustk osQ ;s 'kCn gh ukVd osQ
dF; ,oa dFkkud dks pje ifj.kfr nsus okys gSa] vr% blosQ pfj=k vkSj O;fDrRo dk egÙo Li"V gSA
10-2 lkjka'k
^vkèks&vèkwjs* ukVd osQ lHkh ik=kksa osQ pfj=k ,d gh ewy&Hkkouk ls izsfjr gkdj fpf=kr fd; x;s gSaA lHkh vius&vki
esa viw.kZ ,oa vèkwjs gS vkSj foMEcuk ;g fd mldks vU;ksa ij Fkksiuk pkgrs gSaA bl izdkj dh pkfjf=kd ;kstuk
ukVd dh viuh ,d fo'ks"krk Hkh gS vkSj ,d lhek Hkhµthou osQ izfr ,dkaxh n`f"Vdks.k dh lhekA
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