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Objectives
             ●  To make the students aware of the early civilization, the bronze age, the iron age, the stone age, and the fundamental
                characteristics of  the human civilizations of these ages.
             ●  To provide students with a detailed information about the empires, the feudal system and the initial trade policies of
                different ages.

             ●  To give students an intellectual information about the principal changes happened in medieval agriculture and production
                technique, educational institutions and the modern world.



               Sr. No.                                             Topics

             1             Early Human Societies: Hunting and Gathering, Pastoral Nomadism , Tradition to
                           Agricultural , Neolithic Revolution and Implications for the world.


             2             Bronze Age Civilization: Cultural and Natural Settings of the Early Civilizations,
                           Technological Foundations and Socio-Economic Parameters, Writing and Artistic
                           Expression, The Social Structure Reconstructed

             3             Formation of States and Empires -I: A General Introduction, The Persian Empire,


             4             Formation of States and Empires –II- Ancient Greece, The Roman Empire

             5             Alternative Social Formations :- Latin America, Africa, Nomadic Empires

             6             Religion, State and Society:- The Late Roman World, The Arab World, China


             7             Feudalism: Debates on Feudalism, Feudalism: Form and Structures, Phases of
                           Feudalism, Trade and the Decline of Feudalism


             8             Trade and Commerce in the Medieval World: Oceanic Trade, Business
                           Communities, Commercial Practices, Craft Production
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