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Objectives
● To make the students aware of the early civilization, the bronze age, the iron age, the stone age, and the fundamental
characteristics of the human civilizations of these ages.
● To provide students with a detailed information about the empires, the feudal system and the initial trade policies of
different ages.
● To give students an intellectual information about the principal changes happened in medieval agriculture and production
technique, educational institutions and the modern world.
Sr. No. Topics
1 Early Human Societies: Hunting and Gathering, Pastoral Nomadism , Tradition to
Agricultural , Neolithic Revolution and Implications for the world.
2 Bronze Age Civilization: Cultural and Natural Settings of the Early Civilizations,
Technological Foundations and Socio-Economic Parameters, Writing and Artistic
Expression, The Social Structure Reconstructed
3 Formation of States and Empires -I: A General Introduction, The Persian Empire,
4 Formation of States and Empires –II- Ancient Greece, The Roman Empire
5 Alternative Social Formations :- Latin America, Africa, Nomadic Empires
6 Religion, State and Society:- The Late Roman World, The Arab World, China
7 Feudalism: Debates on Feudalism, Feudalism: Form and Structures, Phases of
Feudalism, Trade and the Decline of Feudalism
8 Trade and Commerce in the Medieval World: Oceanic Trade, Business
Communities, Commercial Practices, Craft Production