Page 53 - DSOC401_SOCIOLOGICAL_THOUGHT_hindi

bdkbZ—8: bfrgkl dh HkkSfrdoknh O;k[;k

mldh U;k;&O;oLFkk dks le>us osQ fy, mlosQ vkfFkZd <k¡ps dk Kku izkIr djuk furkUr vko';d gSA ekuoh; uksV
fozQ;k,¡ uSfrdrk] /eZ] izo`Qfr] tula[;k vkSj jk"Vªh;rk ls izHkkfor ugha gksrha oju~ osQoy vkfFkZd dkjdksa ls
izHkkfor gksrh gSA ekDlZ osQ gh 'kCnks esa] ¶lHkh lkekftd] jktuhfrd rFkk ckSf¼d lEcU/] lHkh /kfeZd rFkk
dkuwuh i¼fr;k¡] lHkh ckSf¼d n`f"Vdks.k tks bfrgkl osQ fodklozQe esa tUe ysrs gSa] os lc thou dh HkkSfrd
voLFkkvksa ls mRiUu gksrs gSaA¸

ekDlZ osQ fl¼kUr esa vkfFkZd fu/kZj.kokn osQUnzh; fLFkfr cuk;s gq, gSA ;g ¶,slk osQUnz fcUnq gS ftlosQ pkjksa vksj
O;Dr ,oa foosfpr fd;s x, fopkj ?kwers gSaA¸ lkekftd thou] lekt rFkk lkekftd laLFkkvksa osQ vè;;u osQ
fy, bfrgkl dh HkkSfrdoknh O;k[;k dk fl¼kUr mlosQ }U}kRed HkkSfrdokn osQ fl¼kUr dk gh foLrkj gSA
ekDlZ osQ HkkSfrdokn dh eq[; lkexzh ekuo rFkk mlosQ }kjk iz;ksx fd, tkus okys os ;U=k gSa] ftuosQ }kjk O;fDr
viuk iks"k.k djrk gSA ekDlZ ls iwoZ gkWCl Hkh HkkSfrdoknh Fkk ijUrq mldk HkkSfrdokn ;kfU=kd gksus osQ LFkku
ij nk'kZfud vf/d FkkA ykWd us lEifÙk dks eq[; osQUnz ekuk ijUrq mlus mRiknd fozQ;kvksa osQ LFkku ij oS/
LokfeRo ij cy fn;kA ghxy vkSj VkWdfcys us Hkh ekuo osQ euksfoKku ij vkS|ksfxd laxBu osQ izHkko dks vafdr
rks fd;k ijUrq mUgksaus mls vius fl¼kUrksa dk osQUnz ugha ekukA ekDlZ vkSj ,saftYl igys nks nk'kZfud gSa ftUgksaus
;U=kksa dh ^fu/kZfjr djus dh {kerk* dks egÙo fn;kA bUgksaus vkfFkZd voLFkkvksa dks egÙoiw.kZ crkdj mudh vU;
O;oLFkkvksa tSlsµlkaLo`Qfrd] jktuhfrd] lkekftd] /kfeZd] vkfn ij izHkko Mkyus rFkk mudks fu/kZfjr djus dh
{kerk ij cy fn;k gSA

ekDlZ dh ,sfrgkfld HkkSfrdokn dh bl egku~ [kks”k us fo'o&bfrgkl osQ leLr n`f"Vdks.k esa okLrfod ozQkfUr
yk nh] mls ,d >VosQ osQ lkFk eksM+ fn;kA bl [kks”k us bfrgkl dks ,d foKku cuk fn;kA ekDlZ us viuh bfrgkl
dh HkkSfrdoknh O;k[;k esa leLr ekuoh; bfrgkl dh nks vk/kjHkwr ckrksa dk mYys[k fd;k gS%
(i) thfor jgus osQ lk/uksa tSlsµHkkstu] oL=k vkSj vkokl dk mRiknu] rFkk (ii) lUrkuksa dks tUe nsuk (iztuu)
ftlls fd lekt O;oLFkk cuh jgsA

ekDlZ osQ ,sfrgkfld HkkSfrdokn (vkfFkZd fu/kZj.kokn) dh O;k[;k [Interpretation of His-
torical Materialism (Economic Determinism) of Marx]
ekDlZ osQ ,sfrgkfld HkkSfrdokn ;k vkfFkZd fu/kZj.kokn osQ izeq[k igyqvksa dks ge bl izdkj O;Dr dj ldrs
gS%

1- HkkSfrd ewY;ksa dh vko';drk% ekuo gh bfrgkl dk fuekZrk gSA og bfrgkl dk fuekZ.k rHkh dj ldrk
gS tc mldk thou vkSj vfLrRo cuk jgsA ekuo osQ vfLrRo vkSj thou osQ fy, ;g t:jh gS fd mls Hkkstu]
oL=k vkSj vkokl dh lqfo/k,¡ izkIr gksa ftUgsa ekDlZ vko';d HkkSfrd ewY; dgrk gSA

D;k vki tkurs gSa ekDlZ us Hkkjrh; Lora=krk vkanksyu dk fof/or vè;;u fd;k FkkA

2- Hkkstu] oL=k ,oa vkokl vFkkZr~ HkkSfrd ewY;ksa dks tqVkus osQ fy, ekuo dks mRiknu djuk gksrk gSA

3- mRiknu dk dk;Z mRiknu dh iz.kkyh (mode of production) ij fuHkZj gSA bl mRiknu&iz.kkyh esa ge
mRiknu osQ vkStkj] Je] mRiknu dh 'kfDr vkSj dkS'ky vkfn dks fxurs gSaA

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