Page 16 - DSOC402_SOCIOLOGY_OF_KINSHIP_HINDI

bdkbZ—2: ukrsnkjh% vk/kjHkwr 'kCn ,oa vo/kj.kk% oqQy] xks=k] Hkzkr`ny] f}ny] ukrsnkj lewg]---

laca/ksa ij vk/kfjr ,dek=k lewg ghA uxj lekt esa izpfyr gksVy] jsLVªka] f'k'kqx`g] LowQy] dkWyst] vLirky uksV
Dyc] cSad vkfnA oS;fDrd fgrksa ij vk/kfjr f}rh;d lewg Hkh gekjh vusd vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ djrs gSaA
vkfne lektksa esa blh izdkj dh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ ifjokj ,oa vU; izdkj osQ Lotu lewgksa }kjk dh tkrh
gSA ;s Lotu lewg nwljh lqj{kk iafDr tSls gksrs gSaA
ifjokj Loturk osQ ,drkRed laca/ksa ij vk/kfjr gksrk gSA bl ,drk dk foLrkj loZ=k nks fn'kkvksa esa
gksrk gSµ
firk osQ tUe osQ ifjokj dh fn'kk esa vkSj ek¡ osQ tUe osQ ifjokj dh fn'kk esaA

2-1 oqQy] xks=k] Hkzkr`ny] f}ny] oa'kkuqØe
(Lineage, Clan, Phratry, Moiety, Descent)

vk/qfud izpyu osQ vuqlkj larku }kjk ek¡ osQ tUe osQ ifjokj osQ oqQy ;k xks=k osQ uke dk iz;ksx ugha fd;k
tkrkA bruk gh ugha] L=kh vius fookg osQ ckn u osQoy vius tUe osQ ifjokj osQ oqQy ;k xks=k dk uke gh NksM+
nsrh gS] vfirq vius ifr osQ ifjokj dk oqQy&uke Hkh xzg.k dj ysrh gSA rFkkfi dksbZ Hkh ifjokj bu nksuksa i{kksa
esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d dh cgqr vf/d va'kksa esa vuns[kh ugha dj ldrkA blhfy, ifjokj dks mHk;i{kh; lewg

dgk tkrk gSA bl mHk;i{kh; fo'ks"krk dk ,d fof'k"V mnkgj.k dknj tu&tkfr esa ns[kus dks feyrk gSA dknj
nksuksas i{kksa dks leku egÙo nsrs gSa] ;k leku :i esa gh nksuksa dh vuns[kh djrs gSaA ,slk dksbZ fof'k"V mnkgj.k
ugha gS ftlls ;g fl¼ gks fd ifjokj dks dgha ,di{kh; lewg osQ :i esa gh ekU;rk nh tkrh gSA eksfjl
vksiyj dh ;g O;k[;k iw.kZr% xyr gS fd mÙkjh Hkkjr osQ xk¡oksa esa ifjokj ,di{kh; lewg gksrs gSaA

,di{kh; lewg% oa'k] flc@oqQy
Lotu lewgksa osQ dbZ vU; izdkj Hkh gSaA ;s ifjokj ls bl vFkZ esa fHkUu gksrs gSa fd buesa nks esa ls fdlh ,d
i{k dh iwjh rjg vuns[kh dh tkrh gSA vr% ,sls lewg ,di{kh; gkssrs gSaA ;s lewg ,sfrgkfld n`f"V ls ifjokj
ls izkphu ugha gS] blfy, fd lalkj osQ vkfnere ,oa lkekU;re lektksa esa ;s ugha ik, tkrsA dknj esa ,slk
,di{kh; lewg ugha ik;k tkrk] u vaMeku }hifuokfl;ksa esa ghA buls foaQfpr fodflr oqQekj vkSj cSxk rFkk
Hkkjr dh vf/dka'k vU; tutkfr;ksa esa ;s vo'; ik, tkrs gSaA fiQj Hkh] tgk¡ dgha Hkh ;s ik, tkrs gSa ogk¡ ifjokj
u rks foyqIr gksrk gS vkSj u egÙoghu ghA ,di{kh; lewg Lotuksa dh nks dksfV;ksa osQ chp foHksnhdj.k ij
vk/kfjr gksrs gSaA izR;sd O;fDr buesa ls fdlh ,d dks gh vius fy, pqurk gSA bl izdkj dk foHksnhdj.k vkSj
p;u ckSf¼d n`f"V ls fodflr ,oa lkekftd n`f"V ls izxfr'khy yksxksa dk ifjpk;d gksrk gSA izdk;Zoknh n`f"V
ls] ,di{kh; fl¼kUr ij vk/kfjr ;s lewg lkekftd laca/ksa dh ekU;rk osQ ekè;e ls mu fofHkUu vko';drkvksa
dh iwfrZ djrs gSa tks ifjokj osQ dk;Z&{ks=k esa ugha vkrhaA blls vkilh la?k"kZ Vy tkrk gS vkSj ifjokj ,oa
,di{kh; lewgksa osQ chp lgvfLrRo Hkh laHko gksrk gSA

,di{kh; lewgksa dk ,d lkekU;re izdkj oa'k (fyfu,t) gSA lHkh laHkkfor ,di{kh; jDr laca/h blosQ
lnL; gksrs gSaA tc bl izdkj osQ lewgksa dk foLrkj leku oa'kuqØe }kjk lacaf/r ekus tkus okys lHkh lnL;ksa
dk lekos'k vius esa dj ys rc ,slk foLr`r lewg flc ;k oqQy (Dyku) dgykrk gSA bl izdkj] ,d flc
;k oqQy oqQN oa'kksa dk ,slk laxBu gksrk gS ftldk oa'kkuqØe] varr%] ,sls feFkdh; iwoZt ls tksM+k tk ldrk
gS tks ekuo ;k i'kq] isM+&ikS/k ;k futhZo inkFkZ Hkh gks ldrk gSA

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