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Unit 9: Tenses

notes

Note since and for are very common time expressions used with the Perfect
Continuous.
We use for with a period of time.

For example: for 20 years.
When talking about a starting point, we use since with a point in time.
For example: since 1960.

Form: Positive Sentences:

subject + auxiliary verb + auxiliary verb + verb + ing
I/a boy etc. has/have been swimming etc.
Questions (interrogative sentences):

auxiliary verb + subject + auxiliary verb + verb + ing + ?
has/have I/a boy/ a man etc. been swimming etc.
Negative sentences:

Auxiliary Auxiliary
Subject verb + not verb Verb + ing
+ + +
I/a boy/ a hasn't / swimming, going
woman etc. haven't been etc.

self assessment

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given in the bracket:
1. He ………………… help right now. (need)

2. Windows ………………… made of glass. (be)
3. The train ………………… every morning at 8 AM. (leave)
4. Once a week, Tom ………………… the car. (clean)

9.2 Past tense

Past tense stands for the time that has gone. The sentences used in this tense show the actions
that happened in past.

9.2.1 simple Past tense

Simple past tense is used in:
1. Events in the past that are now finished

Example: I went to the market.

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