Page 61 - DCOM207_LABOUR_LAWS

Labour Laws

Notes 4. Striking Gear and Devices for Cutting off Power

In order to move the driving belt to and from fast and loose pulleys in transmission machine and
prevent the belt from creeping back onto the fast pulley, suitable striking gear or other efficient
mechanical appliance shall be provided, maintained and used. No driving belt when mused shall
be allowed to rut or ride upon shafting in motion. Suitable devices are also maintained in every
workroom for cutting off power emergencies.

5. Self-acting Machines

Section 25 of the Factories Act provides further safeguards to the workers injured by self-acting
machines. It provides:
No traversing part of a self-acting machine in any factory and no material carried thereon shall,
if the space over which it runs is a space over which any person is liable to pass, m1hoefficer in
the course of his employment or otherwise, be allowed to run on its outward or inward traverse
within a distance of forty five centimeters from any fixed structure which is not part of the
machine.
6. Casing of New Machinery

Section 26 (1) provides that in all machinery driven by power, after the commencement of the
Factories Act, 1948, every set screw; bolt or key on any revolving shaft, spindle, wheel or pinion
shall be sunk, encased or effectively guarded as to prevent danger. [Section 26 (2)]. Further, all
spur, worm and other toothed or friction gearing not requiring frequent adjustment while in
motion shall be completely encased, unless they are safely situated. Furthermore, Section 26 (2)
provides that, whoever sells or lets on hire or; as agent of the seller or hirer, cares or procures
to be sold or let on hire, for use in a factory any machinery driven by power which does not
comply with the provisions of sub-section (1), or any rules made under sub-section (3), shall be
punishable with imprisonment for a term which may-extend to three months or with fine which
may extend to ` 500 or with both. Under the Act, the State Government is empowered to make
rules for the safeguards to be provided form dangerous part of the machinery.

7. Prohibition of Employment of Women and Children near Cotton Openers

The Factories Act, 1948 prohibits the employment of women and children in any part of the
factory for pressing cotton where the cotton opener is at work. But if the feed-end of the cotton-
opener is in a room separated from the delivery and by a partition extending to the roof or to such
height as the inspector may in any particular case specify in writing, women and children may be
employed on the side of the partition where feed-end is situated. (Section 27).

8. Roust and Lifts

Section 28 (I) requires that hoists and lifts must be of good mechanical construction, sound material
and adequate strength. They should not ‘only be properly maintained but also thoroughly
examined at least twice a year by competent persons.

9. Revolving Machinery

Section 30 (1) provides that a notice indicating the maximum safe working peripheral speed
of the grindstone or abrasive wheel the speed of the shaft, or spindle, must be permanently
affixed on all rooms in a factory where grinding is carried on the speeds indicated in notices
under sub-section (1) shall not be exceeded. [Sub-section (2) of Section 30]. Similarly, care shall be
taken not to exceed the safe working peripheral speed of every revolving machine like revolving

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