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Unit 12: Welfare

1. Canteens: Section 46 of the Factories Act, 1948, imposes a statutory obligation to employers Notes
to provide canteens in factories employing more than 250 workers. Foodstuffs are supplied
at subsidized prices in these canteens.
2. Consumer Stores: Most of the large organisations located far from the towns set up the
consumer stores in the employees' colonies and supply all the necessary goods at fair
prices.
3. Credit Societies: Some organisations encourage employees to form cooperative credit
societies with a view to fostering self-help rather than depending upon money lenders,
whereas some organisations provide loans to employees directly.
4. Housing: Most of the organisations built quarters nearer to factory and provided cheap
and decent housing facilities to their employees, whilst a few organisations provide and/
or arrange for housing loans to employee and encourage them to construct houses.

5. Legal Aid: Organisations also provide assistance or aid regarding legal matters to employees
as and when necessary through company lawyer or other lawyers.
6. Employee Counselling: Organisations provide counselling service to the employee
regarding their personal problems through professional counsellors. Employee
counselling reduces absenteeism, turnover, tardiness, etc.

7. Welfare Organisations, Welfare Officers: To provide all types of welfare facilities at on
centre and appoint welfare officers to provide the welfare benefit continuously and
effectively to all employee fairly.
8. Holiday Homes: As a measure of staff, a few large organisations established holiday home
at a number of hill stations, health resort and other centres with low charges of
accommodation, so as to encourage employees to use this facilities for rest.
9. Educational Facilities: Educational facilities include reimbursement of fee, setting up of
schools, colleges, hostel. Further, the organisations provide rooms and libraries for the
benefit of employees.
10. Transportation: Companies provide conveyance facilities to their residence to the place
of work as most of the industries are located outside town and all employees may not get
quarter facility.

11. Parties and Picnics: Companies provide these facilities with a view to inculcating a sense
of association, belongingness, openness and freedom among employees

Notes Causes and Prevention of Accidents in the Factory
There are two basic causes of workplace accidents, apart from chance occurrences, which
are beyond management's control: unsafe conditions and unsafe acts. Unsafe conditions
include such facts as: improperly guarded equipment, defective equipment, dangerous
procedures in or around machines or equipment, congestion and overloading, improper
illumination and ventilation. In addition to these, other work-related factors may also
cause accidents. The job itself might be quite dangerous (e.g., crane operator vs. an
accountant) long work schedules might lead to fatigue and cause accidents. The
psychological climate of the workplace may be quite hostile (for example, seasonal lay
off, reduced wages due to poor demand, etc.) Accidents may be the result of unsafe acts
such as: throwing materials, operating machines at unsafe speeds; making safety devices
inoperative by removing, adjusting, disconnecting them; using unsafe equipment or
Contd...

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