Page 20 - DCAP310_INTRODUCTION_TO_ARTIFICIAL_INTELLIGENCE_AND_EXPERT_SYSTEMS

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems

Notes
Did u know? The philosophy of artificial intelligence can determine the following:

A machine can act intelligently? Can it solve any problem that a person would solve
by thinking?
A human intelligence and machine intelligence are the same? Is the human brain
essentially a computer?
A machine has a mind, mental states and consciousness in the same sense humans
can do? Can it feel how things are?

The art of creating machines that perform functions that require intelligence when
performed by people’’ (Kurzweil, 1990)

Task Create a list of software that can solve the problems intelligently.

Self Assessment

State whether the following statements are true or false:
10. Neural networks do not use supervised learning.
11. Genetic Programming takes genetic algorithms and treats programs as the parameters.
12. Robots are one of the applications of AI.

13. Human brain is estimated to have something on the order of hundred billion neurons
called artificial neural network (ANN).

Lab Exercise 1. Create a list of five existing expert systems and their work domain.

2. Draw a diagram showing knowledge in a system and the place of AI.

Case Study Application Areas of AI Technology

rtificial intelligence is an integrated part of our daily life and of many fields in
research. In archaeology, however, it does not (yet) play an important role. In the
Apast twenty years archaeologists have discussed the potentials of, in particular,
expert systems. They have developed some valuable systems, but the general impression
is that archaeology is not a suitable host discipline for knowledge-based approaches. In
Archaeology and the Application of Artificial Intelligence: case studies on use-wear analysis
of prehistoric flint tools, Dr. M. H. van den Dries sets out to validate this negative conclusion.
She states that since most archaeological applications were mere prototypes and have
never been subjected to objective tests, there is hardly any ground for this rather radical
inference. In order to ground her conclusion objectively, Van den Dries has built two
applications, an expert system and a neural network. She used use-wear analysis of
prehistoric tools as the application area. The main objective of the project was to develop
Contd...

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