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Principles of Operating Systems                                 Sahil Rampal, Lovely Professional University



                   Notes                            Unit 3: Process Management-II




                                   CONTENTS
                                   Objectives

                                   Introduction

                                   3.1  Concept of Threads
                                       3.1.1  Processes vs Threads

                                       3.1.2  Why Threads?

                                       3.1.3  User-level Threads
                                       3.1.4  Kernel-level Threads

                                       3.1.5  Advantages of Threads over Multiple Processes

                                       3.1.6  Disadvantages of Threads over Multiple Processes
                                       3.1.7  Application that Benefits from Threads

                                       3.1.8  Application that cannot Benefit from Threads
                                       3.1.9  Resources Used in Thread Creation and Process Creation

                                   3.2  Context Switch

                                       3.2.1  Major Steps of Context Switching
                                       3.2.2  Action of Kernel to Context Switch among Threads

                                       3.2.3  Action of Kernel to Context Switch among Processes
                                   3.3  Multi-threading in IDL

                                       3.3.1  Multi-threading

                                       3.3.2  Multi-threading to IDL
                                       3.3.3  Modeling Multi-threaded Processors

                                       3.3.4  Single-threaded versus Multi-threaded Symmetric Multiprocessing

                                       3.3.5  Performance Scaling in Multi-threaded Systems
                                       3.3.6  Team Quest Model Reporting Changes

                                       3.3.7  Context Switches and Mode Switches

                                       3.3.8  The Cost of Context Switching
                                       3.3.9  Monitoring Context Switches








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