Page 151 - DCAP104_EXPOSURE_TO_COMPUTER_DISCPLINES

Exposure to Computer Disciplines

Notes 7.3.1.7 GIF
GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) is limited to an 8-bit palette, or 256 colors. This makes
the GIF format suitable for storing graphics with relatively few colors such as simple
diagrams, shapes, logos and cartoon style images. The GIF format supports animation and
is still widely used to provide image animation effects. It also uses a lossless compression
that is more effective when large areas have a single color, and ineffective for detailed
images or dithered images.
7.3.1.8 BMP

The BMP file format (Windows bitmap) handles graphics files within the Microsoft Windows
OS. Typically, BMP files are uncompressed, hence they are large; the advantage is their simplicity
and wide acceptance in Windows programs.

7.3.1.9 WEBP
WebP is a new image format that uses lossy compression. It was designed by Google to reduce
image file size to speed up web page loading: its principal purpose is to supersede JPEG as the
primary format for photographs on the web.

WebP is based on VP8’s intra-frame coding and uses a container based on RIFF.
7.3.1.10 Others

Other image file formats of raster type include:
 JPEG XR (New JPEG standard based on Microsoft HD Photo)

 TGA (TARGA)
 ILBM (InterLeaved BitMap)
 PCX (Personal Computer eXchange)
 ECW (Enhanced Compression Wavelet)
 IMG (ERDAS IMAGINE Image)

 SID (multiresolution seamless image database, MrSID)
 CD5 (Chasys Draw Image)
 FITS (Flexible Image Transport System)

 PGF (Progressive Graphics File)
 XCF (eXperimental Computing Facility format, native GIMP format)
 PSD (Adobe PhotoShop Document)
 PSP (Corel Paint Shop Pro)
7.3.2 Vector Formats

As opposed to the raster image formats above (where the data describes the characteristics
of each individual pixel), vector image formats contain a geometric description which can be
rendered smoothly at any desired display size.
Vector file formats can contain bitmap data as well. 3D graphic file formats are technically vector
formats with pixel data texture mapping on the surface of a vector virtual object, warped to
match the angle of the viewing perspective.

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