Page 89 - DCAP404 _Object Oriented Programming

Object-oriented Programming

Notes }
You should get the following output from this program.
The present value of count is 1
The present value of count is 2
The present value of count is 3

The present value of count is 4
The present value of count is 5

Task Analyze how the static data member should be created and initialized before the
main function control block begins.

4.5 Access Specifiers

Members of a class can access other members (properties and methods) of the same class.
Functions, operators and other classes (corresponding objects) outside the class description of a
particular class can also access members of that class. An access specifier decides whether or not
a function or operator or class, outside the class description can access the members it controls
inside its class description. The members an access specifier controls are the members typed
under it in the class description (until the next specifier).
We will use functions and classes in the illustrations of accesses to class members. We will not
use operators for the illustrations.
We will be using the phrase, external function. This refers to a function or class method that is
not a member of the class description in question. When we say an external function can access
a class member, we mean the external function can use the name (identifier of property or name
of method) of the member as its argument or as an identifier inside its definition.

Notes Note that there is no specific order required for member access, as shown in the
preceding example. The allocation of storage for objects of class types is implementation
dependent, but members are guaranteed to be assigned successively higher memory
addresses between access specifiers.

4.5.1 The Public Access Specifier

With the public access specifier, an external function can access the public members of the class.
The following code illustrates this (read the explanation below):

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Calculator
{
public:
int num1;

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