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Computer Networks/Networks Ma Professional Un

Notes Unit 10: Network Layer in the Internet

CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction

10.1 IP Protocol
10.1.1 IP Addresses
10.1.2 IPv4 Addressing

10.1.3 Subnetting for IP Addresses
10.2 Congestion Control
10.2.1 General Principles of Congestion Control
10.2.2 Traffic Management
10.2.3 Congestion Prevention Policies

10.3 Quality of Service
10.3.1 Basic QoS Architecture
10.3.2 QoS Concepts

10.4 Summary
10.5 Keywords
10.6 Review Questions
10.7 Further Readings

Objectives

After studying this unit, you will be able to:

 Describe the concept of IP protocol and IP addresses
 Discuss general Principles of congestion control

 Understand Congestion control and related algorithm
 Learn about various approaches of quality of service
Introduction

The Internet is considered as the interconnection of subnets or autonomous systems. They
operate at network layer. To facilitate these subnets to virtually connect with one another for
transferring a packet from source machine to destination machine, several backbones of high
bandwidth and fast routers exist.. There are also several mid-level networks attached to the high
speed backbones. Attached to this mid-level networks are the LANs of universities, companies,
internet service providers, etc.

The glue that binds the Internet together is the IP (Internet Protocol) of the network layer.
It provides a best-efforts way to transport datagrams from source machine to destination machine

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