Page 18 - DCAP305_PRINCIPLES_OF_SOFTWARE_ENGINEERING

Principles of Software Engineering

Notes that facilitates business operation or management decision making. In addition to conventional
data dispensation applications, business software applications also encompass interactive and
client/server computing (e.g., point-of scale transaction processing).
1.7.5 Embedded Software

Intelligent products have become ordinary in nearly every consumer and industrial market.
Embedded software resides in read only memory and is accustomed to control products and
systems for the consumer and industrial markets. Embedded software can perform very imperfect
and mysterious functions (e.g., digital functions in an automobile such as fuel control, dashboard
displays, braking systems, etc.).

1.7.6 Personal Computer Software
The personal computer software market has burgeoned over the past decade. Word processing,
spreadsheets, computer graphics, multimedia entertainment, database management personal
and business financial applications and external network or database right of entry are only a
small number of hundreds of application.
1.7.7 Artificial Intelligence Software

Artificial Intelligence (AI) software makes use of non numerical algorithms to resolve multifaceted
problems that are not agreeable to calculation or straight forward analysis. An active AI area is
expert systems also called knowledge-based systems. However other application areas for AI
software are pattern acknowledgment (image and voice) theorem proving and game playing. In
recent years a new branch of AI software called artificial neural networks, has evolved. A neural
network simulates the structure of brain processes (the functions of the biological neuron) and
may in the end lead to a new class of software that can be familiar with complex patterns and
learn from past knowledge.
The first theory about software was proposed by Alan Turing in his 1935
essay Computable numbers with an application to the Entscheidungs problem
(Decision problem). The term “software” was first used in print by John W.
Tukey in 1958.
Self Assessment Questions

1. Generic programming is largely an activity of “lifting” of specific computer code to a more
widely useful level, while maintaining high standards of efficiency and other required
properties.

( a) True (b) False
2. The components of the software systems are:
( a) Maintaining (b) Development
( c) Coding (d) Programs

3. The life of software is from concept exploration to the retirement of the ..................
( a) software applications (b) software components
( c) software product (d) software development

4. Huge effort is required to develop software which further increases the cost of the
...................

(a) business software (b) real-time software
( c) software product (d) system software

12 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY