Page 319 - DCAP103_Principle of operating system

Principles of Operating Systems

Notes and security of Windows NT 4.0. Basic improvements include a more reliable user interface,
enhanced Plug-and-Play compatibility, increased power management options and extended
hardware compatibility, including direct USB and FireWire support. It also uses a new file
encryption system that increases security on the network when integrated with Active Directory
Services. Finally, it has a host of new application management tools that simplify and extend
administrative and user control over the network.
Windows 2000 Server
Windows 2000 Server is a network-enhanced version of Windows 2000 Professional. It contains
all the same aspects as Windows 2000 Pro, but adds network serving ability, enhanced file and
print sharing services, application server technology, and Web-Server utilities. It is designed to
allow small-to-medium-sized businesses network their systems efficiently at a lower cost than
traditional NT 4.0 methods by stripping out unused tools.
Windows 2000 integrates Active Directory Services into several existing services such as Domain
Name System (DNS), Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) and WINS (Windows Internet
Name Service) allowing central control over management of users, groups, security and network
resources. It supports single-processor systems as well as four-way symmetric multiprocessing
(SMP) systems. It supports up to 4 GB of physical memory.

Windows 2000 Advanced Server
Advanced server is essentially the same as Windows 2000 Server with enhanced scalability and
advanced high availability required for larger enterprise servers and departmental solutions. It
focuses more on application and departmental networking, with support for eight-way symmetric
multiprocessing and two-way clustering. It also integrates Intel’s Physical Address Extensions
(PAEs) technology to allow for support for larger physical memory quantities. It is meant for
larger businesses with database-intensive requirements.
Windows 2000 Datacenter Server
Datacenter is a highly specialized version of Windows 2000 designed for large-scale enterprise
solutions. It integrates technologies optimized for large data warehouses, econometric analysis,
large-scale simulations in science and engineering, online transaction processing (OLTP) and
server consolidation projects. It adds elements to enhance Internet Service Provider (ISP)
support and Web Hosting Services. It supports 4-way clustering and sixteen-way Symmetric
multiprocessing (Upgradeable to 32-way SMP).

10.1 History of Windows 2000

Microsoft operating systems for desktop and laptop PCs can be divided into three families—
MS-DOS, Consumer Windows (Windows 95/98/Me), and Windows NT. Below we will briefly
sketch each of these families.

Windows 2000 is a line of operating systems produced by Microsoft for use
on personal computers, business desktops, laptops, and servers. Released on
17 February 2000.

10.1.1 MS-DOS
In 1981, IBM, at that time, the biggest and most powerful computer company in the world,
produced the 8088-based IBM PC. The PC came equipped with a 16-bit real-mode, single-user,
command-line oriented operating system called MS-DOS 1.0. The operating system was provided

312 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY