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Web Programming
Notes 2.1.10 Colors
The attribute changing the color is color. It’s values can be color names like red, green, blue, etc.
<span style=”color:red”>red text</span>
However, only 16 color names are supported by the W3C HTML 4.0 standard (aqua, black, blue,
fuchsia, gray, green, lime, maroon, navy, olive, purple, red, silver, teal, white, and yellow). For
all other colors you must specify how the color is made up from the three base colors red, green
and blue (RGB).
Did u know? What you need to specify for all three base colors?
You need to specify for all three base colors an intensity between 0 (lowest) and 255
(highest), giving you the color that results from mixing these base colors with the specified
intensities.
For example, assigning 0 to red, 0 to green and 255 to blue gives you “100% blue”. There are two
ways of defining RGB values – firstly using hexadecimal notation, secondly using decimal
numbers.
When defining the RGB values of a color in hexadecimal notation, you write a “#” followed by
six digits, of which two represent the red value, two the green value and two the blue value.
These are in hexadecimal notation, i.e. the lowest value 0 is written as “00”, the highest value 255
is written as “FF”, for example, “#0000FF”.
When using the decimal numbers, you write “rgb”, followed by a triplet of numbers, in parentheses
and separated by commas, for example “rgb(0,0,255)”.
This table shows the result of combining red, green and blue in various ways:
Color Color HEX Color RGB
#000000 rgb(0,0,0)
#FF0000 rgb(255,0,0)
#00FF00 rgb(0,255,0)
#0000FF rgb(0,0,255)
#FFFF00 rgb(255,255,0)
#00FFFF rgb(0,255,255)
#FF00FF rgb(255,0,255)
#C0C0C0 rgb(192,192,192)
#FFFFFF rgb(255,255,255)
<p style=”color:#FF00FF”>WOW! This is pink</p>
<p style=”color:rgb(255,0,255)”>This is pink, too!</p>
Example:
<html>
<body>
<h1 style="font-family:verdana;">A heading</h1>
<p style="font-family:arial;color:red;font-size:20px;">A paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
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