Page 93 - DCAP506_ARTIFICIAL_INTELLIGENCE

Unit 6: Knowledge Representation using Rules

 Details can be easily added to declarative systems without altering the common procedures. Notes
 In Procedural representation, knowledge is signified as procedures. Default reasoning
and probabilistic reasoning are examples of procedural techniques.

 In Procedural representation, heuristic knowledge of “How to do things efficiently “can
be simply signified.

 Most of the knowledge representation structures have been generated to manage programs
that control natural language input.
 Logic programming contain three major classes of application: as a general-purpose
programming language, a database language, and a knowledge representation language
in AI.
 Assortment of forward reasoning or backward reasoning is based on which direction
provides less branching factor and justifies its reasoning process to the consumer.
 The logic component identifies the meaning of the algorithm while the control component
only affects its competence.

6.6 Keywords

Declarative Knowledge Representation: In Declarative knowledge representation, knowledge
is signified as static collection of details which are influenced by common procedures.
Frames: Used to explain a compilation of attributes that a specified object possesses (For example,
depiction of a chair).

Procedural Representation: In Procedural representation, knowledge is signified as procedures.
Scripts: Scripts are used to illustrate general sequence of events (For example, a restaurant
scene).

Stereotypes: Stereotypes are used to depict traits of people.
6.7 Review Questions

1. Make distinction between Declarative knowledge representation and procedural
knowledge representation.

2. What does static representation signify? Discuss.
3. Illustrate the concept of Procedural and Declarative Knowledge with the help of example.
4. Explicate the process of using knowledge.
5. Elucidate the different types of schemas that have proved functional in AI programs.
6. Describe the major classes of application used in logic programming.

7. Illustrate the concept of logic programing by means of an example.
8. Make distinction between Forward vs Backward Reasoning. Give examples.
9. Illustrate the factors which find out the option of direction for a specific problem.

10. Illustrate the use of logic component that is used in an algorithm.

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