Page 178 - DENG401_Advance Communication Skills

Unit 9: Basic Grammar

Notes
Examples: 1. Italy, India, England
2. The UK, The USA

3. The Netherlands, The Philippines

9.5 Concepts of Vocabulary Building

Each of us stands testimony to the fact that it is an essential prerequisite to have a good vocabulary
in order to communicate effectively.
Words have been categorized in grammar on how they are used, or as parts of speech:
verb, noun, pronoun, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection.
Words also have "roots" which convey their basic meaning. Suffixes are groups of letters (affixes!)
placed after a root word to form a new word, change its part of speech, and modify its meaning.

Example:
change (noun) + able (suffix) = Changeable (adjective) or the ability to be changed.
work (noun) + able (suffix) = workable (adjective) or the ability to be worked.
week (noun) + ly (suffix) = weekly (adverb), or an action or activity done by the week.
happy (adjective) + ly (suffix) = happily (adverb) an action is done in a happy state

morph (verb) + ology (suffix) = morphology (noun), or the study of how words change
Here are some spelling rules for applying suffixes to root words:
If a word ends with a silent "e,"

drop the "e" before adding a suffix which begins with a vowel (-ing, -able, -:

Example: make--making, makable; time--timing, oblige--obliging.

Task 1. state + ing =
2. like + able =

3. indulge + ing =
Do not drop the “e”when the suffix begins with a consonant:

Example: state—statement; like—likeness; use—useful; definite—definitely

Task 1. base + ment =
2. home + ward =
3. peace + ful =

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