Page 14 - DCAP404 _Object Oriented Programming

Unit 1: Review of Object-oriented Programming

Major features required by object-based programming are: Notes
1. Data encapsulation.
2. Data hiding and access mechanisms.
3. Automatic initialization and clear-up of objects.

4. Operator overloading.
Languages that support programming with objects are said to be object-based programming
languages. These do not support inheritance and dynamic binding ADA is a typical example
Object oriented programming incorporates all of objects-based programming features along
with two additional feature, namely, inheritance and dynamic binding. Thus

Object oriented programming = Object-based features + inheritance + dynamic binding.
Languages that support these features include C++, Small talk, Java among others.

Task In a group of four explain how language that is specially designed to support the
OOP concepts makes it easier to implement them.

1.3 Comparison between Procedural Programming and
Object-oriented Programming Paradigm

Computer programming has been around for some decades now. The style and manner in
which people have been developing programs itself has undergone a sea change. In the early
days of computer development programming was looked upon as some kind of black magic –
to be understood only by a few wizards mostly the people who had designed the computer.
However, the entire scenario has changed now.
In the modern programming parlance, at least in most of the commercial and business applications
areas, programming has been made independent of the target machine. This machine independent
characteristic of programming has given rise to a number of different methodologies in which
programs can now be developed. We will particularly concern ourselves with two broad
programming approaches – or paradigm as they are called in the present context.

1. Procedure-oriented paradigm
2. Object-oriented paradigm

1.3.1 Procedure-oriented Programming Paradigm

Before you get into OOP, take a look at conventional procedure-oriented programming in a
language such as C. Using the procedure-oriented approach; you view a problem as a sequence
of things to do such as reading, calculating and printing. Conventional programming using
high-level languages is commonly known as procedure-oriented programming.

Example: COBOL, FORTRAN and C

You organize the related data items into C structures and write the necessary functions
(procedures) to manipulate the data and, in the process, complete the sequence of tasks that
solve your problem.

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