Page 278 - DMGT404 RESEARCH_METHODOLOGY

Research Methodology

Notes 4. ss between columns:
´
´
´
é 16 16 12 12 8 8 ù
= ê + + ú - 108
ë 4 4 4 û
5. ss between rows:
´
´
´
´
é 10 10 10 10 3 3 13 13 ù
= ê + + + ú - 108
ë 3 3 3 3 û
é 100 100 9 169 ù
= ê + + + ú - 108
ë 3 3 3 3 û
= [33.33 + 33.33 + 3 + 56.33] - 108
= 126 - 108
= 18 (after adjusting fraction)
6. ss residual:

= Total ss - (ss between column + ss between rows)
= 32 – (8 +18) = 6.
Now we need to set up ANOVA table.

Variation SS d.f M.S F ratio 5% 1%
source
Between 8 (c–1) = 2 8/2=4 4/1=4 F (2, 6) F (2, 6)
columns (r–1) = 3 = 5.14 = 10.92
Between rows 18 18/3=6 6/1=6 F (3, 6) F (3, 6)
= 4.76 = 9.78

Residual 6 (c–1) x (r–1) 6/6=1
= 6

From the ANOVA table, we find that differences related to varieties of incentives and gain
sharing are insignificant at 5% level as the calculated F-ratio, i.e., 4 is less than table value of F,
which is 5.14. However differences are significant for different levels of technology at 5% level
as the observed F ratio is higher than table value of F. At 1% level, however, differences are
insignificant.

Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:
11. ............................. is used to test the equality of three or more sample means.

12. For using ANOVA Data should be ……………..in nature

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