Page 269 - DCAP404 _Object Oriented Programming

Object-oriented Programming

Notes This input will be read correctly and assigned to the character array name. Let us suppose the
input is as follows:

Object Oriented Programming

In this case, the input will be terminated after reading the following 19 characters:
Object Oriented Pro

After reading the string, cin automatically adds the terminating null character to the character
array.
Remember, the two blank spaces contained in the string are also taken into account, i.e. between
Objects and Oriented and Pro.
We can also read strings using the operator >> as follows:
cin >> name;

But remember cin can read strings that do not contain white space. This means that cin can read
just one word and not a series of words such as “Neeraj good”.

Notes Characters are extracted until either (n – 1) characters have been extracted or the
delimiting character is found (which is delim if this parameter is specified, or ‘\n’
otherwise). The extraction also stops if the end of file is reached in the input sequence or if
an error occurs during the input operation.

Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:
1. ………………………. extracts characters from the input sequence and stores them as a
c-string into the array beginning at s.

2. The base of the ……………………….. library is the hierarchy of class templates.
3. A stream is an abstraction that represents a device on which input and …………………..
operations are performed.

4. As part of the …………………… library, the header file <iostream> declares certain objects
that are used to perform input and output operations on the standard input and output.
5. Streams are generally associated to a …………………… source or destination of characters.

6. Once a file stream is used to open a file, any input or output operation performed on that
stream is physically reflected in the…………………. .
7. The class templates in this class hierarchy have the same name as their
………………………….. instantiations but with the prefix basic_.

12.3 Unformatted I/O Operations

Unformatted Input/Output is the most basic form of input/output. Unformatted input/output
transfers the internal binary representation of the data directly between memory and the file.
Formatted output converts the internal binary representation of the data to ASCII characters
which are written to the output file. Formatted input reads characters from the input file and

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