Page 239 - DCOM102_DMGT101_PRINCIPLES_AND_PRACTICES_OF_MANAGEMENT
P. 239
Unit 13: Motivation and Leadership
were actually conceptually different factors caused by different phenomena in the work Notes
environment. These two views of job satisfaction are shown in Figure 13.2.
Figure 13.2: Contrasting Views of Satisfaction and Dissatisfaction
Traditional View
Satisfaction Dissatisfaction
Herzberg's View
Motivators
Satisfaction
No Satisfaction
Hygiene Factors
No dissatisfaction Dissatisfaction
Source: Stephen P Robbins "Organisation Behaviour – Concepts, Controversies, Applications" (Seventh
Edition) 1996 page 217.
Motivation Factors
According to Herzberg, building motivation factors into a job produces job satisfaction. This
process is known as job enrichment. In the original research, the motivation factors were
identified as responsibility, achievement, recognition, advancement and the work itself. These
factors relate to the content of the job and what the employee actually does on the job. When
these factors are present, they lead to superior performance and effort on the part of job
incumbents. Motivation factors lead to positive mental health and challenge people to grow,
contribute to the work environment, and invest themselves in the organisation. The motivation
factors are the most important of the two sets of factors, because they directly affect a person's
motivational drive to do a good job. When they are absent, the person will be de-motivated to
perform well and achieve excellence.
Work conditions related to satisfaction of the need for psychological growth were labelled
motivation factors. Work conditions related to dissatisfaction caused by discomfort or pain was
labelled 'hygiene factors'. Each set of factors related to one aspect of what Herzberg identified as
the human-being's dual nature regarding the work environment. Thus, motivation factors relate
to job satisfaction, and hygiene factors relate to job dissatisfaction. These two independent
factors are depicted in Figure 13.3.
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 231
