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bdkbZ 9 % dkO; dk Lo:i ,oa ifjHkk"kk





          ;g i| gh dgk tk;sxkA blesa dksjh rqdcanh gS] Jksrk ;k ikBd osQ ân; esa oDrk osQ Hkko míhIr dj nsus  uksV
          dh 'kfDr ughaA
          blh izdkjμ
                             dud dud rs lkSxquh ekndrk vfèkdk;A
                             ;fg [kk;s ckSjkr gS og ik;s ckSjk;A                (fcgkjh)
          mDr nksgs esa ^dud* 'kCn osQ ^lksuk* vkSj ^èkrwjk* bu nks vFkks± osQ dkj.k 'kkfCnd peRdkj iznf'kZr fd;k x;k
          gSA bldks lqudj ge 'kCn osQ iz;ksx dh prqjkbZ ij gh izlUu gksdj jg tk;saxsA mlls varjkRek dk dksbZ vkSj
          LFkk;h lnk u;k cuk jgus okyk vkuan ik;saxsA bl izdkj osQ okD; dks ^i|* u dgdj ^lwfDr* dgsaxs] ij
          dfork ughaA




             D;k vki tkurs gSa  oqQN euh"kh ,slh mfDr dks dkO;e;h dgrs gSa tks jlkRed gksA

          ijarq tc jke vkSj y{e.k osQ lkFk ou&;k=kk djrs gq, ;equk ikj djus osQ vuarj xk¡o dh Hkksyh&Hkkyh fL=k;ksa
          osQ }kjk jke dk ifjp; iwNus ij lhrk jke ls viuk lacaèk crkrh gSμ
                         cgqfj cnu&fcèkq vapy <k¡dh fi; ru fprS HkkSag dfj ck¡dhA
                         [k¡tu eatq frjhNs uSufu fut ifr frufga dgsam fl; lSufuAA
          rc ge osQoy vk;Z&e;kZnk dh izfrfufèk&Lo:ik lhrk dks vius ifr dh mifLFkfr esa muosQ uke dk mPpkj.k
          djus ls fojr gh ugha ns[krs] vfirq ifr osQ lehi gksus ls Hkkjrh; yyuk dks tks LokHkkfod yTtk yxrh
          gS mldks Hkh izR;{k ns[krs gSaA bruk gh ugha] lcosQ lkeus vius ifr dk ifjp; nsus osQ <ax esa lhrk dh prqjrk
          Hkh ân; ij viuk izHkko Mkyrh gSA 'kCnksa dh dkseyrk osQ lkFk bl pkSikbZ esa tks fp=k dfo vafdr djrk
          gS og ns'k vkSj dky osQ izHkko ls ijs gS] fpjLFkk;h gSA ;fn ;g ckr lhrk us jke osQ lkFk ,dkar esa dh gksrh]
          rks ¯gnh osQ jhfr&dkyhu dfo;ksa dh dfork dh Hkk¡fr blesa ^laHkksx& Ük`axkj* dk fp=k ek=k gksrk] dksbZ fo'ks"krk
          u gksrhA ijarq ;gk¡ ckr ,slh ugha gSA xzke&ckykvksa osQ eè; lhrkth dh ;g ps"Vk oqQyoèkw dh e;kZnk dh
          eueksgd O;atuk gSA blh ls ;g pkSikbZ tc Hkh i<+h tkrh gS] rc u;s vkuan dh ygj eu esa mBk nsrh gSA
          blh izdkj dh mfDr;k¡ okLro esa ^dfork* dgykrh gSaA

          Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

          fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ djsa (Fill in the Blanks)μ
                                     -------------------------
            1- i| vkSj dfork ,d&nwljs osQ         gSaA
                           ------------------------------
            2- laqnjrk esa lgt            gksrk gSA
                                     --------------------------
            3- gekjs ;gk¡ dkO;&xzaFk lnk ls       gksrs vk, gSaA
                                        ------------------------------
            4- dfork esa o.;Z fo"k;ksa dk foLrkj        gSA


          9-3 dkO; osQ Hksn


          x|] i| vkSj paiw

          dkO; osQ varxZr mUgha jpukvksa dh x.kuk gksrh gS ftuesa mQij dgs x;s 'kCn vkSj vFkZ ls ;qDr dfoRo osQ
          ewy rRo fo|eku gksaA ,slh jpuk,¡ x| vkSj i| nksuksa esa gks ldrh gSaA egkdfo rqylh dk i|kRed
          ^jkepfjrekul* ;k Jh eSfFkyh'kj.k xqIr dk ^t;nzFk&oèk* dkO; gSa] Jhfo;ksxh gfj&Ñr x|kRed ^rjafx.kh*


                                           LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY                                   137
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