Page 167 - DHIN103_ELECTIVE_HINDI_II

,sfPNd ¯gnhμII Vinod Kumar, Lovely Professional University

uksV

bdkbZμ11 % ikSjkf.kd izca/ dkO; dh ijaijk

vuqØef.kdk (Contents)
mís'; (Objectives)
izLrkouk (Introduction)

11-1 ikSjkf.kd izcaèk&dkO;ksa dh iwoZ ijaijk
11-2 izkjafHkd dfo
11-3 rqylhnkl vkSj mudk dkO;
11-4 izeq[k fo'ks"krk,¡ ,oa egÙo
11-5 lkjka'k (Summary)
11-6 'kCndks'k (Keywords)
11-7 vH;kl iz'u (Review Questions)
11-8 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)

mís'; (Objectives)

bl bdkbZ osQ vè;;u osQ i'pkr~ fo|kFkhZ ;ksX; gksaxsμ
● izkjafHkd dfo;ksa dks tkuus esaA
● rqylhnkl vkSj muosQ dkO; dks tkuus esaA
● vkèkqfud fganh lkfgR; osQ izcaèk dkO; dks tkuus esaA

izLrkouk (Introduction)

¯gnh osQ eè;dkyhu dkO; osQ varxZr 'krkfèkd ,sls izcaèk&dkO; feyrs gSa] ftudh fo"k;&oLrq ikSjkf.kd xzaFkksa
ij vkèkkfjr gSA ij lkFk gh muesa dkO;kRedrk dk Hkh vHkko ugha gSA oLrqr% fo"k;&oLrq osQ foLrkj] ik=kksa
osQ oSfoè; ,oa 'kSyh dh izkS<+rk dh n`f"V ls bl oxZ dh jpuk,¡ mPpdksfV dh fl¼ gksrh gSa] ftUgsa ge ^ikSjkf.kd
izcaèk&dkO;&ijaijk* 'kh"kZd osQ varxZr LFkku ns ldrs gSa] buesa jke] Ñ".k] lqnkek] iz|qEu] vtqZu] izÈkn] èkzqo
vkfn fofHkUu ikSjkf.kd ik=kksa osQ pfj=k dk vadu fd;k x;k gS] foaQrq nqHkkZX; ls ¯gnh osQ izpfyr bfrgkl&xzaFkksa
esa bl ijaijk dks ^jke&HkfDr&'kk[kk* ;k ^jke&dkO;&ijaijk* dh laKk ns fn, tkus osQ dkj.k osQoy jke&fo"k;d
dfri; izcaèkksa dks NksM+dj 'ks"k dks ^iqQVdy [kkrs* esa gh LFkku izkIr gks ldkA ;g Hkh fofp=k ckr gS fd
vkpk;Z jkepanz 'kqDy tSls izkS<+ leh{kd us ^jke&HkfDr&'kk[kk* dh LFkkiuk djrs gq, rqylh ls mldk vkjaHk
ekuk gS vkSj mUgha ls mldh lekfIr ekuh gS] D;ksafd ^xksLokeh th dh izfrHkk dk iz[kj izdk'k lkS Ms<+ lkS
o"kZ rd ,slk Nk;k jgk jke&HkfDr dh vkSj jpuk,¡ muosQ lkeus Bgj u ldhaA* ;gk¡ rqylh dh ftl fo'ks"krk
dh nkn nh xbZ] fcgkjh osQ izlax esa Hkh mlh fo}ku us blls fcyoqQy foijhr ckr osQ fy, iz'kalk dh gSA ogk¡
os fy[krs gSa fd fcgkjh lrlbZ dks ysdj brus O;fDr;ksa us mudk vuqdj.k fd;k fd ^fcgkjh lacaèkh vyx
lkfgR; gh [kM+k gks x;k gS] brus ls gh bl xzaFk dh loZfiz;rk dk vuqeku gks ldrk gSA* ,d leFkZ vkykspd

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